A system and method for automatically calibrating an engine operating with a first fuel and a second fuel includes comparing each of a plurality of engine operating parameters with a corresponding limit, determining whether any of the plurality of engine operating parameters has exceeded its corresponding limit and, while none of the plurality of engine operating parameters has exceeded its corresponding limit, automatically and incrementally advance start of injection timing.

A system and method for automatically calibrating an engine operating with a first fuel and a second fuel includes comparing each of a plurality of engine operating parameters with a corresponding limit, determining whether any of the plurality of engine operating parameters has exceeded its corresponding limit and, while none of the plurality of engine operating parameters has exceeded its corresponding limit, automatically and incrementally advance start of injection timing.

An internal-combustion engine includes an EGR device that recirculates a portion of exhaust gas, as EGR gas, from an exhaust passage to an intake passage through an EGR valve. A control device for the control device is configured to perform: EGR ratio estimation processing that calculates, by using an estimation model, an estimated EGR ratio; and estimation model update processing that updates the estimation model. The estimation model is configured to calculate the estimated EGR ratio based on a pressure parameter being a ratio of or a difference between gas pressures upstream and downstream of the EGR valve. The pressure parameter is represented by a pressure parameter model that is updatable. The estimation model update processing includes: calculating an actual EGR ratio; and updating the pressure parameter model such that the estimated EGR ratio becomes closer to the actual EGR ratio.

An internal combustion engine includes an intake conduit fluidically coupled to ambient fluid and having an internal cross-sectional area and an engine cylinder fluidically coupled to the intake conduit. A fluidic amplifier is disposed within the intake conduit and is fluidically coupled to the ambient fluid and engine cylinder. The amplifier is further fluidically coupled to a source of primary fluid and is configured to introduce the primary fluid and at least a portion of the ambient fluid to the engine cylinder.

A fuel injection system designed for an internal combustion engine includes at least one fuel injection nozzle which, by way of a cylindrical shell body, is inserted at least in regions into a bore of a cylinder head and which, by way of a nozzle tip, feeds fuel to a combustion chamber between the cylinder head and a reciprocating piston. The fuel injection nozzle is held in position on a housing section of the internal combustion engine with the interposition of a holding device and, for example, a fastening bolt. The holding device braces a first end region of the fuel injection nozzle against a bore stop within the bore in the cylinder head. To optimize this fuel injection system, the holding device has, outside the bore, a fixing bushing to which the shell body is fixed axially and radially by way of a radial insert element. A spring system acts between a first radial stop of the fuel injection nozzle and a second radial stop of the fixing bushing as viewed in the axial direction of the shell body of the fuel injection nozzle. The spring system seeks to move the fixing bushing, by way of a third radial stop, against a locking element system of the insert element, which is supported on a fourth radial stop applied to the shell body.

A fuel injection system designed for an internal combustion engine includes at least one fuel injection nozzle which, by way of a cylindrical shell body, is inserted at least in regions into a bore of a cylinder head and which, by way of a nozzle tip, feeds fuel to a combustion chamber between the cylinder head and a reciprocating piston. The fuel injection nozzle is held in position on a housing section of the internal combustion engine with the interposition of a holding device and, for example, a fastening bolt. The holding device braces a first end region of the fuel injection nozzle against a bore stop within the bore in the cylinder head. To optimize this fuel injection system, the holding device has, outside the bore, a fixing bushing to which the shell body is fixed axially and radially by way of a radial insert element. A spring system acts between a first radial stop of the fuel injection nozzle and a second radial stop of the fixing bushing as viewed in the axial direction of the shell body of the fuel injection nozzle. The spring system seeks to move the fixing bushing, by way of a third radial stop, against a locking element system of the insert element, which is supported on a fourth radial stop applied to the shell body.

The compression self-ignition engine fuel injection control device is configured to, during one combustion stroke, perform multiple fuel injections to induce multiple combustions in a cylinder. The fuel injection control device comprises a PCM (70) configured to set an interval between a pre-injection and a main injection in the multiple fuel injections, so as to allow valley regions of a curve indicative of a frequency characteristic of a combustion pressure wave generated by the multiple combustions to fall within respective ranges of a plurality of resonant frequency bands of a structure of an engine body of the engine, wherein the PCM is operable to increase a fuel injection amount of the pre-injection more largely as an engine load becomes lower at the same engine speed.

The compression self-ignition engine fuel injection control device is configured to, during one combustion stroke, perform multiple fuel injections to induce multiple combustions in a cylinder. The fuel injection control device comprises a PCM (70) configured to set an interval between a pre-injection and a main injection in the multiple fuel injections, so as to allow valley regions of a curve indicative of a frequency characteristic of a combustion pressure wave generated by the multiple combustions to fall within respective ranges of a plurality of resonant frequency bands of a structure of an engine body of the engine, wherein the PCM is operable to increase a fuel injection amount of the pre-injection more largely as an engine load becomes lower at the same engine speed.

The compression self-ignition engine fuel injection control device is configured to, during one combustion stroke, perform multiple fuel injections to induce multiple combustions in a cylinder. The fuel injection control device comprises a PCM (70) configured to set an interval between a pre-injection and a main injection in the multiple fuel injections, so as to allow valley regions of a curve indicative of a frequency characteristic of a combustion pressure wave generated by the multiple combustions to fall within respective ranges of a plurality of resonant frequency bands of a structure of an engine body of the engine, wherein the PCM is operable to increase the interval between the pre-injection and the main injection more largely as an engine load becomes lower at a same engine speed.

The compression self-ignition engine fuel injection control device is configured to, during one combustion stroke, perform multiple fuel injections to induce multiple combustions in a cylinder. The fuel injection control device comprises a PCM (70) configured to set an interval between a pre-injection and a main injection in the multiple fuel injections, so as to allow valley regions of a curve indicative of a frequency characteristic of a combustion pressure wave generated by the multiple combustions to fall within respective ranges of a plurality of resonant frequency bands of a structure of an engine body of the engine, wherein the PCM is operable to increase the interval between the pre-injection and the main injection more largely as an engine load becomes lower at a same engine speed.