A method includes operating a spark ignition engine and flowing low pressure exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) from an exhaust to an inlet of the spark ignition engine. The method includes interpreting a parameter affecting an operation of the spark ignition engine, and determining a knock index value in response to the parameter. The method further includes reducing a likelihood of engine knock in response to the knock index value exceeding a knock threshold value.

Embodiments for a charge air cooler are provided. In one example, an engine method comprises during a first mode, decreasing a volume of a charge air cooler in response to a compressor operation upstream of the charge air cooler. In this way, compressor surge may be prevented.

A hybrid intercooler system using multiple cooling media includes a first cooler for cooling air supercharged in a turbocharger using transmission oil, a second cooler for cooling the supercharged air passing through the first cooler using cooling water, and a third cooler for cooling the supercharged air passing through the second cooler using outdoor air.

An integrated air shroud assembly is provided for a motor vehicle. That air shroud assembly includes a body having a radiator opening, a charge air cooler opening and a cooling fan opening. The charge air cooler opening is offset from the radiator opening and the radiator opening and the charge air cooler opening are in parallel communication with the cooling fan opening.

A system, method and apparatus for controlling a gas substitution characteristic in a dual fuel engine are provided. The gas substitution characteristic can be controlled based on measured characteristics directly or indirectly associated with operation of the dual fuel engine, including intake manifold air pressure (IMAP), load of the dual fuel engine, ambient air temperature, exhaust temperature, fan speed, and/or pressure of natural gas supplied to the dual fuel engine. Further, the gas substitution characteristic can be controlled by controlling intake manifold air temperature (IMAT) based on control of a cooling capacity of a cooling circuit.

A charge air cooler (CAC) includes a first header including a first interior portion, a second header spaced from the first header. The second header includes a second interior portion. At least one conduit extends between the first header and the second header. The at least one conduit includes a first end fluidically connected to the first interior portion, a second end fluidically connected to the second interior portion, and an intermediate portion extending therebetween. A heating system is arranged in a heat exchange relationship with the at least one conduit. The heating system is selectively operable to increase a temperature of fluids passing through the at least one conduit into one of the first and second headers.

A heat exchanger, especially a charge-air cooler or exhaust-gas cooler, with a tube-to-tubesheet sub-assembly, in which tubes are inserted in a sealed manner by their ends into openings of two oppositely-disposed tubesheets, wherein at least one region of a housing is arranged between the two tubesheets and encompasses and outwardly seals the tubes of the sub-assembly, wherein the two tubesheets have two sides extending parallel to each other and adjoining an end region of the tubes in each case, and on which is arranged in each case a housing section which is connected to the housing, wherein on at least one of the tubesheets a seal is arranged with sealing effect between the housing and this tubesheet and/or between this tubesheet and the housing section which is arranged on this tubesheet.

A method includes controlling an engine speed based on: intake manifold air temperature and/or intake manifold pressure one, or more, of the following data parameters: an engine load as a function of a fuel level, a fuel injecting timing, an intake oxygen concentration, a constituent concentration from the exhaust gas flow, an engine power, and an engine torque. The method also recirculates a portion of the exhaust gas flow to the combustion cylinders of the engine via a recirculation channel, as a function of intake manifold temperature and/or intake manifold pressure at which the engine is operated. An engine system, other methods, and a non-transitory computer readable medium encoded with a program, to enable a processor-based control unit to control aspects of the engine are also disclosed.

An outboard motor unit includes an outboard motor including a cowling and an engine housed in the cowling and that is mounted on a vessel body, a supercharger that compresses air, and a compressed air cooler that is installed outside the cowling of the outboard motor and cools air compressed by the supercharger.

An outboard motor unit includes an outboard motor including a cowling and an engine housed in the cowling and that is mounted on a vessel body, a supercharger that compresses air, and a compressed air cooler that is installed outside the cowling of the outboard motor and cools air compressed by the supercharger.