Apparatus and method for directing airflow into the air intake (carburetor or fuel injection system) of an internal combustion engine for increasing air flow velocity and the quantity of air reaching the cylinder or cylinders thereof through the use of an electrically powered fan, are described. The fan is installed inside of the air filter element such that when the air intake throttle plates are closed or partially closed, the unused airflow exits the apparatus to relieve the pressure created by the fan, and when additional air is needed by the engine, air can enter the filter element. The fan may be continuously operated during the operation of the motor, and at all engine speeds.

The stator includes a stator core, a support electric wire formed by one or more conductive wires, and a drive electric wire formed by one or more conductive wires. The stator core includes an annular shaped back yoke and a plurality of teeth on an inner periphery of the back yoke. The support electric wire is disposed so as to pass through a plurality of slots respectively formed between the teeth, and forms a winding portion that generates an electromagnetic force for supporting the rotor in a non-contact manner by being energized. The drive electric wire is disposed so as to pass through the plurality of slots, and forms a winding portion that generates an electromagnetic force for rotating the rotor by being energized. A cross-sectional area per conductive wire of the support electric wire differs from a cross-sectional area per conductive wire of the drive electric wire.

The stator includes a stator core, a support electric wire formed by one or more conductive wires, and a drive electric wire formed by one or more conductive wires. The stator core includes an annular shaped back yoke and a plurality of teeth on an inner periphery of the back yoke. The support electric wire is disposed so as to pass through a plurality of slots respectively formed between the teeth, and forms a winding portion that generates an electromagnetic force for supporting the rotor in a non-contact manner by being energized. The drive electric wire is disposed so as to pass through the plurality of slots, and forms a winding portion that generates an electromagnetic force for rotating the rotor by being energized. A cross-sectional area per conductive wire of the support electric wire differs from a cross-sectional area per conductive wire of the drive electric wire.

A power system includes an engine; an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system supplying a first portion of the engine exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold to the intake manifold; a turbine generator in communication with the exhaust manifold and configured to be driven by a second portion of the engine exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold to generate electrical power; a power network including at least one battery to store the electrical power generated by the turbine generator; and an electric compressor in fluid communication with the intake manifold and configured to be powered by the electrical power from the at least one battery of the power network and to compress at least a portion of the intake air for the engine.

A method for operating a supercharged internal combustion engine. Before a cold start of the engine, an electric drive device of an electrically assisted exhaust-gas turbocharger of the engine is activated such that fresh air is compressed by a compressor of the turbocharger and, in the process, is heated and is conveyed via an open overrun air recirculation valve arranged downstream of the compressor, through a short circuit back to a suction side of the compressor of the turbocharger. A proportion of the air that is heated by way of the short-circuit operation of the compressor is, downstream of the compressor and upstream of a closed throttle flap of the engine, conducted via a secondary air system into an exhaust manifold and from there via a wastegate of the turbocharger into the catalytic converters of an exhaust-gas aftertreatment device of the engine.

An apparatus of controlling a hybrid vehicle may include: an engine; a drive motor to assist the power of the engine and selectively operate as a generator to generate electrical energy; a battery to supply electrical energy; a first intake valve disposed in a first intake line; a second intake valve disposed in a second intake line; a first electric supercharger disposed in the first intake line; a second electric supercharger disposed in the second intake line; a connecting valve disposed in a connecting line for connecting the first intake line and the second intake line; and a controller that determines a driving mode of the first and second electric superchargers. In particular, the controller controls the drive motor and the first and second electric superchargers based on a supercharger consumed energy, an additional fuel energy, and a drive motor consumed energy.

An apparatus of controlling a hybrid vehicle may include: an engine; a drive motor to assist the power of the engine and selectively operate as a generator to generate electrical energy; a battery to supply electrical energy; a first intake valve disposed in a first intake line; a second intake valve disposed in a second intake line; a first electric supercharger disposed in the first intake line; a second electric supercharger disposed in the second intake line; a connecting valve disposed in a connecting line for connecting the first intake line and the second intake line; and a controller that determines a driving mode of the first and second electric superchargers. In particular, the controller controls the drive motor and the first and second electric superchargers based on a supercharger consumed energy, an additional fuel energy, and a drive motor consumed energy.

Various methods and systems are provided for controlling air flow through an engine by adjusting an electric turbocharger of a vehicle. In one embodiment, a system for a vehicle comprises an electric turbocharger comprising a compressor, an exhaust turbine coupled to the compressor via a shaft, and an electric machine mechanically coupled to the shaft; and a controller including a processor and instructions stored on a non-transient memory of the controller that, when executed, cause the controller to: adjust an amount of power provided to or extracted from the shaft by the electric machine based on at least one of a speed of the electric turbocharger, a cylinder pressure, and an exhaust gas temperature. By adjusting the amount of power provided to or extracted from the electric machine, the exhaust gas temperature and the speed of the electric turbocharger may be efficiently maintained within a desired operating range.

Various methods and systems are provided for controlling air flow through an engine by adjusting an electric turbocharger of a vehicle. In one embodiment, a system for a vehicle comprises an electric turbocharger comprising a compressor, an exhaust turbine coupled to the compressor via a shaft, and an electric machine mechanically coupled to the shaft; and a controller including a processor and instructions stored on a non-transient memory of the controller that, when executed, cause the controller to: adjust an amount of power provided to or extracted from the shaft by the electric machine based on at least one of a speed of the electric turbocharger, a cylinder pressure, and an exhaust gas temperature. By adjusting the amount of power provided to or extracted from the electric machine, the exhaust gas temperature and the speed of the electric turbocharger may be efficiently maintained within a desired operating range.

An electric assist turbocharger unit for use in an internal combustion engine, comprising a shaft configured for torque-transmittingly connecting a compressor to a turbine of the turbocharger unit and an electric motor configured for rotatably actuating the shaft in a first rotational direction and in an opposed second rotational direction. The engine includes an aftertreatment system, and the rotation of the shaft is designed to retard the flow of intake air through an intake passage and of exhaust gases through the aftertreatment system, thereby controlling the temperature in the aftertreatment system.