Methods and systems are provided for reducing pumping losses during a partial deactivation. In one example, a method may include flowing vacuum to a deactivated cylinder group to remove gases trapped therein while an activated cylinder group continues to combust.

An object is to supply fresh air and EGR gas into a cylinder in good balance according to the required load in a naturally aspirated gasoline engine. When the operation state of the engine falls in a low load range, a control apparatus adjusts the degree of opening of the second throttle while keeping the first throttle fully open and controls EGR gas quantity by adjusting the degree of opening of the EGR valve. When the operation state falls in a middle load range, the apparatus controls EGR gas quantity by adjusting the degree of opening of the first throttle while keeping the EGR valve fully open. When the operation state falls in a high load range, the apparatus adjusts the degree of opening of the first throttle while keeping the second throttle fully open and controls EGR gas quantity by adjusting the degree of opening of the EGR valve.

An internal combustion engine includes an intake passage of the internal combustion engine, an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, and an EGR passage connecting the intake passage and the exhaust passage. The internal combustion engine further includes a throttle valve provided downstream of a connected part to the EGR passage in the intake passage, and configured to control an intake air quantity toward a downstream side of the connected part, and an intake throttle valve provided upstream of the connected part to the EGR passage in the intake passage. In a control device of the internal combustion engine, an opening degree of the intake throttle valve is determined on the basis of an opening degree of the throttle valve.

A vehicle comprises an engine, a throttle body including a passage section and a throttle valve, and a throttle valve controller which controls opening or closing of the throttle valve, wherein the throttle valve controller includes: a memory section which contains therein a medium output control command such that the medium output control command continues to be stored in the memory section in a state in which electric power supply to the throttle valve controller is ceased, the medium output control command indicating an opening degree of the throttle valve, corresponding to a preset medium output range, and wherein the throttle valve controller controls opening or closing of the throttle valve, in accordance with the medium output control command read from the memory section, when an engine output meets a medium output condition in which the engine output is controlled to fall into the medium output range.

A vehicle comprises an engine, a throttle body including a passage section and a throttle valve, and a throttle valve controller which controls opening or closing of the throttle valve, wherein the throttle valve controller includes: a memory section which contains therein a medium output control command such that the medium output control command continues to be stored in the memory section in a state in which electric power supply to the throttle valve controller is ceased, the medium output control command indicating an opening degree of the throttle valve, corresponding to a preset medium output range, and wherein the throttle valve controller controls opening or closing of the throttle valve, in accordance with the medium output control command read from the memory section, when an engine output meets a medium output condition in which the engine output is controlled to fall into the medium output range.