A vehicular propulsion system, a vehicular fuel system and a method of operating an internal combustion engine. A separation unit that makes up a part of the fuel system includes one or more adsorbent-based chambers such that the separation unit may selectively receive and separate at least a portion of onboard fuel into octane-enhanced and cetane-enhanced components. Regeneration of an adsorbate takes place through a heat exchange relation with existing system infrastructure. A controller may be used to determine a particular operational condition of the internal combustion engine such that the onboard fuel can be sent to one or more combustion chambers within the internal combustion engine without first passing through the separation unit, or instead to the separation unit in situations where the internal combustion engine may require an octane-rich or cetane-rich mixture, where adsorbed and remainder portions taken from the separation unit may be stored in separate tanks for later mixing and use within the combustion chamber.

A vehicular propulsion system, a vehicular fuel system and a method of operating an internal combustion engine. A separation unit that makes up a part of the fuel system includes one or more adsorbent-based chambers such that the separation unit may selectively receive and separate at least a portion of onboard fuel into octane-enhanced and cetane-enhanced fuel components. A supply tank includes three compartments where the first contains the onboard fuel, the second receives a vaporized adsorbate from the separation unit and condenses at least a part of it into one of an octane-rich fuel component or a cetane-rich fuel component, while the third may either store the condensed and enriched fuel component or help condense more of the vaporized adsorbate. The condensing takes place through heat exchange between the onboard fuel and the vaporized adsorbate that are present within the various compartments of the supply tank. A controller may be used to determine a particular operational condition of the internal combustion engine such that the onboard fuel can be sent to one or more combustion chambers within the internal combustion engine without first passing through the separation unit, or instead to the separation unit in situations where the internal combustion engine may require an octane-rich or cetane-rich mixture.

The present invention relates to a fuel injection arrangement for a diesel type engine configured to use carbonaceous aqueous slurry fuels. The fuel injection arrangement includes an injector nozzle for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber; a pump chamber housing a fuel pumping element for generating a pressurised fuel flow to the injector nozzle along an injection path between the pumping element and the injector nozzle; and a check valve connected to a fuel supply for regulating and supplying fuel to the injection path via a check valve outlet. A region immediately downstream of the check valve outlet defines an outlet region and the check valve is arranged to expose the outlet region to the pressurised fuel flow to facilitate flushing of the outlet region during fuel flow between the pumping element and the injector nozzle.

A method of determining the cetane number of a fuel in an internal combustion engine comprising, during running of the engine, i) with respect to one cylinder, performing a routine including a series of injections such that for each injection a quantity of fuel is injected into the cylinder, and during the routine varying the angle at which the injections takes place with respect to crankshaft angle; ii) measuring engine speed at intervals during the series of injections and determining values for changes in engine speed consequent to the injections; iii) determining cetane number from a pre-stored relationship relating the cetane number to changes in engine speed consequent to changes in the test injection angle.

Methods and systems are provided for accurately determining the composition of a knock control fluid using sensors already present in the engine system. An intake or an exhaust oxygen sensor is used to estimate the water and the alcohol content of a knock control fluid that is direct injected into an engine cylinder responsive to an indication of abnormal combustion. A change in the pumping current of the oxygen sensor due to the water content of the knock control fluid is distinguished from a change in the pumping current of the oxygen sensor due to the alcohol content of the knock control fluid.

A power system for a work vehicle, includes an intake arrangement configured to intake charge air; a fuel arrangement configured to provide at least one fuel; a compression ignition engine including a plurality of piston-cylinder sets configured to receive, ignite, and combust the at least one fuel from the fuel arrangement and intake gas that includes the charge air from the intake arrangement to generate mechanical power and exhaust gas; at least one compression ignition assistance apparatus associated with at least one of the intake arrangement and the fuel arrangement; and a controller coupled to command the compression ignition assistance apparatus, the intake arrangement, and the fuel arrangement such that, in an enhancement mode, the controller commands activation of the compression ignition assistance apparatus; and in a nominal mode, the controller commands or maintains deactivation of the compression ignition assistance apparatus.

Methods and systems for starting and stopping a diesel engine are presented. In one example, a cetane enhancer is selectively mixed with diesel fuel to provide a cetane enhanced diesel fuel. A diesel engine may be supplied the cetane enhanced diesel fuel after an engine cold start to improve catalyst light off time and engine emissions.

Methods and systems for operating an engine with different fuels having different cetane levels are described. In one example, start of fuel injection timing for engine cylinders may be adjusted responsive to engine deceleration or combustion phase during engine cranking. The start of fuel injection timing may be retarded for higher cetane fuels and advanced for lower cetane fuels.

A mechanical fuel pump is disclosed for delivering fuel to an engine of a vehicle, the mechanical fuel pump having an activated configuration and a deactivated configuration. A dual fuel system and method are also disclosed for use with the mechanical fuel pump.

A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, includes circuitry. The circuitry is configured to control a ratio of an amount of low octane number fuel to be supplied to a cylinder to a total amount of the low octane number fuel and a high octane number fuel to be supplied to the cylinder in order to control an overall octane number of fuel to be supplied to the cylinder. The high octane number fuel has a second octane number higher than a first octane number of the low octane number fuel. The circuitry is configured to calculate a maximum octane number of the fuel to be supplied into the cylinder. The circuitry is configured to restrict a power generated by the internal combustion engine based on the maximum octane number.