An engine unit includes: an engine that is able to independently inject fuel into cylinders; an exhaust gas recirculation device that recirculates exhaust gas of the engine to intake air; a cleaning device that cleans exhaust gas from the engine; and a control device that controls the engine and the exhaust gas recirculation device. The control device performs control such that an amount of exhaust gas recirculated to intake air is less when fuel cutoff is performed for some cylinders out of all cylinders of the engine than when fuel is injected into all the cylinders of the engine.

A controller for a vehicle includes a combustion stoppage period processor and a combustion period processor. The combustion stoppage period processor is configured to selectively execute one of a fuel cut process or a fuel feeding process when stopping combustion in the cylinder in a situation in which a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is rotating. The combustion period processor is configured to execute an increase process that increases flow speed of exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe when the fuel feeding process is executed while combustion is stopped in the cylinder and then combustion is resumed in the cylinder in which the combustion has been stopped.

Provided is a vehicle control system capable of controlling the behavior of a vehicle, in conformity to a tire longitudinal spring constant, to improve responsivity and linear feeling of the vehicle behavior with respect to a steering manipulation. The vehicle control system comprises a steering angle sensor (8) and a PCM (14). The PCM is configured to set, based on a detection value of the steering angle sensor, an additional deceleration to be added to a vehicle (1), and control the vehicle to generate the set additional deceleration in the vehicle, wherein the additional deceleration is set to be larger when a tire longitudinal spring constant (Kt) of each road wheel of the vehicle is relatively small than when it is not relatively small.

Provided is a vehicle control system capable of controlling the behavior of a vehicle, in conformity to a tire longitudinal spring constant, to improve responsivity and linear feeling of the vehicle behavior with respect to a steering manipulation. The vehicle control system comprises a steering angle sensor (8) and a PCM (14). The PCM is configured to set, based on a detection value of the steering angle sensor, an additional deceleration to be added to a vehicle (1), and control the vehicle to generate the set additional deceleration in the vehicle, wherein the additional deceleration is set to be larger when a tire longitudinal spring constant (Kt) of each road wheel of the vehicle is relatively small than when it is not relatively small.

An internal combustion engine system includes an internal combustion engine and a control device. A difference of an intake valve closing timing with respect to a compression top dead center is referred to as a first crank angle difference; a difference of an exhaust valve closing timing with respect to an exhaust top dead center is referred to as a second crank angle difference; and a difference between the first crank angle difference and the second crank angle difference is referred to as an intake/exhaust closing timing difference. The control device is configured to execute: a fuel cut processing; and a valve driving processing to control at least one of the intake valve closing timing and the exhaust valve closing timing such that the intake/exhaust closing timing difference becomes smaller during a fuel cut operation than during a non-fuel cut operation.

In various aspects, internal combustion engines, engine controllers and methods of controlling engines are described. The engine includes a camshaft and a two cylinder sets. Cylinders in the first are deactivatable and cylinders in the second set may be fired at high or low output levels. The air charge for each fired working cycle is set based on whether a high or low torque output is selected. In some implementations, the camshaft is axially shiftable between first and second positions. First cam lobes are configured to cause their associated cylinders to intake a large air charge during intake strokes that occur when the camshaft is in the first position. Second cam lobes for cylinders in the second set cause their associated cylinders to intake a smaller air charge when the camshaft is in the second position. Second cam lobes for cylinders in the first set deactivate their associated cylinders.

This engine system is provided with a throttle device, an EGR valve, and an ECU. The ECU diagnoses an abnormality of the EGR valve on the basis of an operating state during an engine deceleration, and diagnoses combustion deterioration of an engine on the basis of a crank angle speed change during the engine deceleration (not during a fuel cut-off). The ECU executes an engine stall avoidance control with the throttle device when it is determined there is an abnormality in the EGR valve, makes a final determination that the EGR valve has an abnormality and continues the engine stall avoidance control when it is determined thereafter that there is combustion deterioration, and makes a final determination that the EGR valve is normal and cancels the engine stall avoidance control when it is determined that there is no combustion deterioration.

A method and apparatus, for treating plaque and calculus in the mouth cavity—particularly on teeth—are disclosed. The apparatus—and accordingly the method—is comprised of introducing at least one first-component comprising a material with a redox potential for preventing anions precipitation; and introducing at least one second-component comprising a material with a redox potential for preventing cations precipitation.

A method and apparatus, for treating plaque and calculus in the mouth cavity—particularly on teeth—are disclosed. The apparatus—and accordingly the method—is comprised of introducing at least one first-component comprising a material with a redox potential for preventing anions precipitation; and introducing at least one second-component comprising a material with a redox potential for preventing cations precipitation.

A method for optimizing an active regeneration of a diesel particulate filter of a motor vehicle, including the following steps: First, information regarding the planned travel route of the motor vehicle is ascertained; subsequently, a query is made as to whether the remaining travel time is less than the time needed for an upcoming regeneration of the diesel particulate filter, and/or a query is made as to whether the following engine phase of the motor vehicle is an overrun phase; and the active regeneration of the diesel particulate filter is prevented, if the remaining travel time is less than the time needed for an upcoming regeneration of the diesel particulate filter, or if the following engine phase is an overrun phase.