An electrical system for a vehicle having a chassis ground (G0) and an engine having an engine ground (G1), the system comprising a first electrical energy storage device (1), denoted EESD1, a second electrical energy storage device (2), denoted EESD2, a starter device (3) having a starter motor (30), a generator (4), a first cable (61) coupling a positive terminal (1+) of EESD1 to the positive terminal (3+) of the starter device, a second cable (62) coupling the positive terminal (4+) of the generator to a positive terminal (2+) of EESD2, a third cable (63) coupling a negative terminal (1−) of EESD1 to the negative terminal (3−) of the starter device, a control unit (5) for controlling the charge of EESD1, a fusible link (66,7) coupling a negative terminal (1−) of EESD1 to the chassis ground (G0).

A system for controlling the operation of one or more fuel injectors includes a microcontroller, a pre-driver unit, and a power unit. The system is connectable to an electrically actuated fuel injector via at least two wires from the power unit, wherein the pre-driver unit is located between the microcontroller and the power stage, and wherein the microcontroller unit is adapted to send data to the pre-driver unit. The pre-driver unit is adapted to receive the data and control the power stage dependent on the data such that the power stage is adapted to output a corresponding signal along the wires to the fuel injector. The data includes both injector activation pulse data and other auxiliary data for the injectors.

With a simple configuration, responsiveness between an electronic control unit and a load drive circuit is monitored without deteriorating characteristics of the load drive circuit. The load drive circuit according to the present invention diagnoses an abnormality in responsiveness of a switch element that drives a load based on a drive command of the switch element and a signal at an output terminal of the switch element.

An electrical system for a vehicle having a chassis ground (G0) and an engine having an engine ground (G1), the system comprising a first electrical energy storage device (1), denoted EESD1, a second electrical energy storage device (2), denoted EESD2, a starter device (3) having a starter motor (30), a generator (4), a first cable (61) coupling a positive terminal (1+) of EESD1 to the positive terminal (3+) of the starter device, a second cable (62) coupling the positive terminal (4+) of the generator to a positive terminal (2+) of EESD2, a third cable (63) coupling a negative terminal (1) of EESD1 to the negative terminal (3) of the starter device, a control unit (5) for controlling the charge of EESD1, a fusible link (66,7) coupling a negative terminal (1) of EESD1 to the chassis ground (G0).

A method is proved for pinpointing a short-circuit in a wide-range air/fuel sensor having one or more sensor-terminals that include a reference-terminal, a pump-terminal, a return-terminal, and a tag-terminal. The method includes controlling a connection of a source of electric current to the one or more sensor-terminals; determining one or more status-values based on signals present at the sensor-terminals; and determining a sensor-status of the wide-range air/fuel sensor based on the connection of source of electric current and the one or more status-values.

A fuel injection system includes a first fuel injector having a first electronically-controlled valve and a first injection valve configured to inject fuel when the first electronically-controlled valve is actuated. A second fuel injector has a second electronically-controlled valve and a second injection valve configured to inject fuel when the second electronically-controlled valve is actuated. The fuel injection system also includes a single fuel injector driver configured to actuate the first electronically-controlled valve and the second electronically-controlled valve.

A drive device includes: a first current path that has a high-side MOSFET; a second current path that has a low-side MOSFET; and a third current path connected to the other end portion of a coil and positioned between the first current path and the second current path. The drive device further includes: PWM drive circuits that generate a drive signal through PWM control; and an overcurrent detection circuit that detects that an overcurrent has flowed through the current paths. It is possible to precisely detect the occurrence of a battery short circuit and a ground short circuit by detecting which of the first current path and the second current path an overcurrent has flowed through.

A fuel injection system includes a first fuel injector having a first electronically-controlled valve and a first injection valve configured to inject fuel when the first electronically-controlled valve is actuated. A second fuel injector has a second electronically-controlled valve and a second injection valve configured to inject fuel when the second electronically-controlled valve is actuated. The fuel injection system also includes a single fuel injector driver configured to actuate the first electronically-controlled valve and the second electronically-controlled valve.

A solenoid assembly includes a solenoid having a coil, a current sensor configured to measure the coil current, and a controller. The controller estimates the coil current using a solenoid model, with output of the solenoid model being an estimated coil current, and receives the measured coil current from the current sensor. The controller also calculates an error value having an error sign by subtracting the estimated coil current from the measured coil current. Responsive to the error value exceeding a calibrated error threshold while the control voltage deviates from a nominal value, the controller diagnoses a solenoid fault condition. Responsive to diagnosing the solenoid fault condition, the controller isolates or identifies a particular solenoid fault condition from among a plurality of possible fault conditions, and records a diagnostic code indicative of the particular solenoid fault condition.

A method is proved for pinpointing a short-circuit in a wide-range air/fuel sensor having one or more sensor-terminals that include a reference-terminal, a pump-terminal, a return-terminal, and a tag-terminal. The method includes controlling a connection of a source of electric current to the one or more sensor-terminals; determining one or more status-values based on signals present at the sensor-terminals; and determining a sensor-status of the wide-range air/fuel sensor based on the connection of source of electric current and the one or more status-values.