An opposed-piston engine is configured to use hydrogen fuel. The opposed-piston engine has at least one cylinder and a pair of pistons disposed for opposed motion in a bore of the cylinder. Hydrogen fuel is directly side-injected into the cylinder in a compression stroke of the opposed-piston engine, mixed with charge air in the cylinder, and auto-ignited in a combustion chamber formed in the cylinder between the pistons during the compression stroke. A method of operating the hydrogen opposed-piston engine includes switching between a first ignition mode using an externally-generated ignition impulse to ignite the mixture of hydrogen fuel and charge air, and a second ignition mode using compression to ignite the mixture.

During a predetermined operation state in which the opening degree of a throttle valve is fixed, an air flow meter positioned more on the upstream side than a pressure control valve detects a first intake air amount when the opening degree of the pressure control valve positioned on the upstream side of the throttle valve is set to a predetermined first valve opening degree and a second intake air amount when the opening degree of the pressure control valve is set to a predetermined second valve opening degree smaller than the first valve opening degree. On the basis of the first intake air amount and the second intake air amount, a diagnosis is made regarding whether there is an abnormality in a first pipe, a second pipe, a third pipe and the like which are included in a blow-by gas recirculation system for blow-by gas treatment.

A motor system includes an engine having one or more cylinders, an electronic control unit, an exhaust treatment system in fluid connection with and downstream of the one or more cylinders. The exhaust treatment system includes an exhaust line, a combustion zone downstream, a combustion ignition source in the combustion zone, a catalyst downstream of an in thermal communication with the combustion zone. A method of heating a catalyst during an engine cold start and a method of initiating regular operating conditions of an engine having one or more cylinders are also described.

An internal combustion engine is provided with a cylinder injector injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber; an intake injector injecting fuel into an intake passage; and a control device controlling injection of fuel from these injectors. The control device is configured to perform a first control, in which an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is formed by only fuel injected from the cylinder injector, until a predetermined timing after startup of the internal combustion engine, and to perform a second control, in which an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is formed by fuel containing a larger amount of fuel injected from the intake injector than fuel injected from the cylinder injector, and after the predetermined timing. The air-fuel ratio of the mixture during the second control is smaller than the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture during the first control and smaller than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.

An apparatus includes a processing circuit structured to receive a first signal indicative of an upstream air-fuel equivalence ratio from a first sensor positioned upstream of an intake of a catalyst, receive a second signal indicative of a downstream airfuel equivalence ratio from a second sensor positioned downstream of the intake of the catalyst, determine an actual oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst based at least in part on the received first signal and the received second signal, compare the actual oxygen storage capacity to a maximum storage capacity, and provide a fault signal in response to the actual oxygen storage capacity exceeding the maximum storage capacity. The apparatus also includes a notification circuit structured to provide a notification indicating that the second sensor is faulty in response to receiving the fault signal.

A homogenous charge electromagnetic volumetric ignition (HCEMVI) internal combustion engine (ICE) and its ignition method are disclosed in the present invention. The HCEMVI ICE includes a control module of the engine, an electromagnetic wave source, an electromagnetic wave coupling module and the cylinders of the ICE. Its ignition method is stated as: the control module of the engine controls the electromagnetic wave generation and, when the piston of a cylinder containing an air-fuel mixture moves to the preset ignition advance angle, the electromagnetic wave source is commanded to generate an electromagnetic wave at a frequency in accordance with the resonant frequency of the cylinder head at the advance angle. The electromagnetic wave is transmitted into the cylinder by the coupling module to create a strong electric field through electromagnetic resonance in the cylinder head and initiate volumetric ignition and bulk combustion of the air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder of the engine.

A fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine includes: a high/low pressure fuel system configured to inject fuel into cylinders 12a to 12d through an in-cylinder injector 44; and a low pressure fuel injection system configured to inject fuel into an intake manifold 14 through an intake path injector 46. An ECU 60 incorporates: an idling stop/start unit 68 that stops the engine when an idling stop condition is satisfied, and restarts the engine when the idling stop condition is no longer satisfied; and a fuel injection control unit 70 that causes, after the idling stop condition is no longer satisfied, fuel remaining in the first fuel injection unit to be injected into the cylinder, before rotation of a crank shaft 32 starts, so that the engine 10 is automatically restarted, and causes fuel injection to be started from the second fuel injection unit when predetermined condition is satisfied.

Provided is a method for diagnosing unintended fuelling from one or more fuel injectors of a multi cylinder internal combustion engine during engine operation. Pressurized fuel is intended to be distributed by means of said fuel injectors from said accumulator tank to the cylinders for combustion. An oxidation catalyst is arranged downstream said cylinders. The method comprises: determining the pressure in the fuel accumulator tank and whether said pressure is decreasing; and determining whether the actual amount of fuel provided by the pump unit exceeds the demanded amount of fuel. The method further comprises the steps of: determining whether the temperature associated with the oxidation catalyst is above a certain level and/or determining whether the air/fuel ratio is below a certain level and/or determining whether an amount of particulate matter is above a certain level; and confirming an unintended fuelling based on the determined conditions.

A vehicular propulsion system, a vehicular fuel system and a method of operating an internal combustion engine. A separation unit that makes up a part of the fuel system includes one or more adsorbent-based chambers such that the separation unit may selectively receive and separate at least a portion of onboard fuel into octane-enhanced and cetane-enhanced components. Regeneration of an adsorbate takes place through a heat exchange relation with existing system infrastructure. A controller may be used to determine a particular operational condition of the internal combustion engine such that the onboard fuel can be sent to one or more combustion chambers within the internal combustion engine without first passing through the separation unit, or instead to the separation unit in situations where the internal combustion engine may require an octane-rich or cetane-rich mixture, where adsorbed and remainder portions taken from the separation unit may be stored in separate tanks for later mixing and use within the combustion chamber.

Methods and systems for evaluating whether or not a fuel amount that is greater than a threshold has been release to an engine via fuel injectors when the fuel injectors are commanded off are presented. In one example, an oxygen sensor is activated and engine cranking is prevented until a pumping current of the oxygen sensor is proportionate to a concentration of oxygen sensed via the oxygen sensor so that released fuel may be observed during engine starting.