An auxiliary chamber having an auxiliary fuel injector is formed on the top surface of a main combustion chamber. When making the air-fuel mixture inside the auxiliary chamber burn, the air-fuel mixture inside the main combustion chamber is burned by jet flames ejected from a communicating hole. After engine startup and until the elapse of a wall surface lower temperature period where the wall surface temperature of the auxiliary chamber becomes a lower temperature than the wall surface temperature of the auxiliary chamber at the time of completion of warmup, an injection ratio of an injection amount of liquid fuel from the auxiliary fuel injector to a fuel injection amount from a main fuel injector is made to decrease compared with after completion of warmup.

An apparatus includes an engine friction module in operative communication with an engine and structured to interpret engine operation data indicative of an engine friction amount, and a stop/start module structured to compare the engine operation data with predetermined protective criteria that includes an engine friction threshold and to turn off the engine for at least a portion of time based on the engine friction threshold exceeding the engine friction amount.

An apparatus, method, and system for controlling the torque of an internal combustion engine during certain vehicle component operations to minimize unwanted motion and vibration. The method includes detecting at least one of reverse gear engagement or reverse movement of the vehicle; wherein a feedback control of the internal combustion engine is switched from open-loop control to closed-loop control upon detection of at least one of a reverse gear activation or reverse movement of the vehicle.

Various embodiments include a method for controlling an internal combustion engine comprising: determining a speed of the internal combustion engine; determining a cylinder wall temperature of a combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine; selecting an injection mode based at least in part on the speed and the cylinder wall temperature; and actuating a fuel injector associated with the combustion cylinder based on the selected injection mode.

An internal combustion engine control device (1) includes an injector-temperature calculation unit (21a), an engine-temperature calculation unit (21b), an operating-state control unit (21c), and an integration-time calculation unit (21d). The engine-temperature calculation unit (21b) calculates an engine temperature by using an injector temperature and a fuel-injection integration time.

A thermal management system for controlling cooling of an engine system during shutdown, the engine system includes an engine configured to provide power to a working machine, wherein the thermal management system includes a controller which is configured to receive a signal indicative of an engine shutdown command. The controller is further configured to derive, infer or receive a temperature parameter of the engine system and to determine whether the temperature parameter of the engine system is above a first predetermined threshold; and wherein the controller is configured to signal the progressive reduction of a speed of the engine prior to issuing a signal to shutdown the engine in the event that the first predetermined threshold is exceeded when the engine shutdown command is received, thereby cooling the engine system prior to engine shutdown.

A premixed compression ignition engine system includes an engine, a fuel injector, a water injector, and a controller. The controller conducts: a compression-stroke mid-period injection that causes a fuel injector to inject fuel to form a fuel-air mixture in a surrounding space of a combustion chamber; a compression top-dead-center injection that causes the fuel injector to inject fuel to form a fuel-air mixture in the central space of the combustion chamber after the compression-stroke mid-period injection; and a water injection that causes a water injector to inject water to the surrounding space of the combustion chamber at a timing from commencement of the compression-stroke mid-period injection to commencement of the compression top-dead-center injection.

Described herein is a process for designing a virtual sensor that is able to estimate a variable of interest v as a function of a set of available variables u.sub.i. The process comprises the steps of: acquiring (1002) a design data-set D.sub.d comprising a number N of measured values v(ti) of the variable of interest v and corresponding measured values i(ti) of the available variables u.sub.i; determining a limit on the disturbances of the available variables u.sub.i and a limit on the errors of the method of measurement of the variable of interest v; selecting (1004) a Lipschitz function * with a respective Lipschitz constant , which is able to estimate the variable of interest v(t) as a function of a number n of past values of each available variable u.sub.i, by executing the following steps one or more times for different numbers n: a) determining a value for the Lipschitz constant y; b) defining (1006) a maximum limit (r(t)) and a minimum limit (r(t)) for the estimate of the variable of interest v as a function of the design data-set D.sub.d, and moreover the number n, the value for the Lipschitz constant y, the limit on the disturbances of the available variables u.sub.i, and the limit on the errors of the method of measurement of the variable of interest v, and choosing a Lipschitz function * comprised between the maximum limit (r(t)) and the minimum limit (r(t)); c) determining (1008) an estimation error *(*) for the Lipschitz function * and selecting the Lipschitz function *, associated to which is a respective Lipschitz constant y* and a respective number n*, that presents the minimum estimation error *(*(y*, n*)); and implementing (1012) the selected Lipschitz function * in an electronic circuit.

The control device that controls fuel injection of a diesel engine includes a split injection control module that causes a fuel injection valve to execute pre-injection and post-injection, a setting module that sets a fuel injection amount or a fuel injection timing in the pre-injection so that a target heat release rate characteristic, by which a ratio between a first peak and a second peak, which are peaks of an increase rate of combustion pressure accompanying the pre- and post-injection, becomes a target value set in advance, can be obtained, a prediction module that predicts an occurrence time or a peak value of the first peak based on the injection amount or injection timing and a parameter related to a combustion environmental factor, and a correction module that corrects the fuel injection amount or the fuel injection timing set by the setting module.

An apparatus, method, and system for controlling the torque of an internal combustion engine during certain vehicle component operations to minimize unwanted motion and vibration. The method includes detecting at least one of reverse gear engagement or reverse movement of the vehicle; wherein a feedback control of the internal combustion engine is switched from open-loop control to closed-loop control upon detection of at least one of a reverse gear activation or reverse movement of the vehicle