Provided is an ice candy forming tool for pets which can form an ice candy simply and reliably, and the formed ice candy can be properly fed to pets. An ice candy forming tool for pets, which comprises an ice candy holding part comprising guard having first surface and second surface, grip which is connected to the first surface, and ice candy holding piece which is connected to the second surface, and a body part comprising concave portion and opening; wherein the guard has a notch which is provided on circumferential edge of the guard and communicates the first surface with the second surface.

A system and method for flaking. The system includes a stationary roller, and moveable roller, and an adjustable fixator applying tension between the stationary and moveable rollers. The fixator includes a pressure transducer and a linear indicator. The transducer and indicator allow the fixator to read pressures and make fine adjustments to the fixator to obtain a desired gap between the two rollers.

High thermal transfer, hollow core extrusion screws (50, 52, 124, 126, 190) include elongated hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192) equipped with helical fighting (56, 132, 134, 194) along the lengths thereof. The fighting (132, 134, 194) may also be of hollow construction which communicates with the hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192). Structure (88, 90) is provided for delivery of heat exchange media (e.g., steam) into the hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192) and the hollow fighting (132, 134, 194). The fighting (56, 132, 134, 194) also includes a forward, reverse pitch section (64, 162, 216). The extrusion screws (50, 52, 124, 126, 190) are designed to be used as complemental pairs as a part of twin screw processing devices (20), and are designed to impart high levels of thermal energy into materials being processed in the devices (20), without adding additional moisture.

High thermal transfer, hollow core extrusion screws (50, 52, 124, 126, 190) include elongated hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192) equipped with helical fighting (56, 132, 134, 194) along the lengths thereof. The fighting (132, 134, 194) may also be of hollow construction which communicates with the hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192). Structure (88, 90) is provided for delivery of heat exchange media (e.g., steam) into the hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192) and the hollow fighting (132, 134, 194). The fighting (56, 132, 134, 194) also includes a forward, reverse pitch section (64, 162, 216). The extrusion screws (50, 52, 124, 126, 190) are designed to be used as complemental pairs as a part of twin screw processing devices (20), and are designed to impart high levels of thermal energy into materials being processed in the devices (20), without adding additional moisture.

Apparatus and methods for food production including a food preconditioner (228) operable to heat and partially pre-cook food ingredients, and a twin screw extruder (20) operable to further cook the preconditioned ingredients to create final food products. The extruder (20) includes a pair of hollow core extrusion screws (50, 52, 124, 126, 190) having elongated hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192) equipped with helical fighting (56, 132, 134, 194) along the lengths thereof. The fighting (132, 134, 194) is also of hollow construction which communicates with the hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192). The flighting (56, 132, 134, 194) also includes forward, reverse pitch sections (64, 162, 216). The extrusion screws (50, 52, 124, 126, 190) are designed to impart high levels of thermal energy into materials being processed in the extruders (20), without adding additional moisture.

In a first aspect the present invention relates to a pellet mill (10) comprising a die (30) having a first surface (34) and a second surface (36), the die further comprising press holes (38) extending from the first surface to the second surface, at least one roller (50) configured to roll over the first surface for forcing a pelletizable material, forming a feed layer (2) on the first surface, through the press holes to the second surface, and a nozzle (82) configured to provide an additive fluid (4) directly into the nip (86) between the at least one roller and the first surface. In a second aspect the present invention relates to a method of producing pellets, and in a third aspect the present invention related to method of retrofitting a pellet mill.

Disclosed herein are apparatus, methods and systems for promoting and encouraging the beneficial recycling of food waste. In one aspect, disclosed herein is a tamper resistant lid assembly for a receptacle. The lid assembly is locatable over an opening of the receptacle and comprises a first lid that is operable by a user and which comprises a lock for locking the first lid in a closed configuration; and a second lid that is operable independently of the first lid, the second lid being biased into a closed configuration but openable by a collector of the receptacle in order to empty the receptacle. The assembly is configured such that the second lid is not manually openable.

A process to remove the glucosinolates of oilseed meals, such as Brassica carinata oilseed meals, is provided. In one embodiment, exogenous myrosinase is used to convert the glucosinolates to volatile isothiocyanate compounds, which can then be removed under conditions of mild heat and negative pressure. In another embodiment, heat and pressure are used to remove glucosinolates from Brassica carinata oilseed. The processed meals may contain less than 80% of their starting levels of glucosinolates and may be suitable for use in various applications, including as animal feeds.

High thermal transfer, hollow core extrusion screws (50, 52, 124, 126, 190) include elongated hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192) equipped with helical fighting (56, 132, 134, 194) along the lengths thereof. The fighting (132, 134, 194) may also be of hollow construction which communicates with the hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192). Structure (88, 90) is provided for delivery of heat exchange media (e.g., steam) into the hollow core shafts (54, 128, 130, 192) and the hollow fighting (132, 134, 194). The fighting (56, 132, 134, 194) also includes a forward, reverse pitch section (64, 162, 216). The extrusion screws (50, 52, 124, 126, 190) are designed to be used as complemental pairs as a part of twin screw processing devices (20), and are designed to impart high levels of thermal energy into materials being processed in the devices (20), without adding additional moisture.

In a first aspect the present invention relates to a pellet mill (10) comprising a die (30) having a first surface (34) and a second surface (36), the die further comprising press holes (38) extending from the first surface to the second surface, at least one roller (50) configured to roll over the first surface for forcing a pelletizable material, forming a feed layer (2) on the first surface, through the press holes to the second surface, and a nozzle (82) configured to provide an additive fluid (4) directly into the nip (86) between the at least one roller and the first surface. In a second aspect the present invention relates to a method of producing pellets, and in a third aspect the present invention related to method of retrofitting a pellet mill.