Various embodiments of a vortex hybrid motor system are described herein. In some embodiments, the vortex hybrid motor system can include a control system, a vortex hybrid motor, and an oxidizer injector. The oxidizer injector can be in fluid communication with a combustion zone defined by a fuel core and/or housing of the vortex hybrid motor. In some embodiments, at least one material regression sensor can be positioned along the fuel core and sensed data from the material regression sensors can be provided to the control system for determining one or more characteristics associated with the fuel core. The control system can control, based on the analyzed sensed data, the oxidizer injector for modulating an oxidizer flow rate delivered to the combustion zone to achieve a desired oxidizer-to-fuel ratio.

Various embodiments of a vortex hybrid motor system are described herein. In some embodiments, the vortex hybrid motor system can include a control system, a vortex hybrid motor, and an oxidizer injector. The oxidizer injector can be in fluid communication with a combustion zone defined by a fuel core and/or housing of the vortex hybrid motor. In some embodiments, at least one material regression sensor can be positioned along the fuel core and sensed data from the material regression sensors can be provided to the control system for determining one or more characteristics associated with the fuel core. The control system can control, based on the analyzed sensed data, the oxidizer injector for modulating an oxidizer flow rate delivered to the combustion zone to achieve a desired oxidizer-to-fuel ratio.

Proposed is a hybrid rocket engine using an electric motor-driven oxidizer pump, the hybrid rocket engine including: an oxidizer tank configured to store the oxidizer; an oxidizer pump configured to pressurize the oxidizer by being connected to the oxidizer tank through a first oxidizer supply line; a drive unit including an electric motor configured to drive the oxidizer pump and a battery configured to supply power to the electric motor; an auxiliary oxidizer line configured to guide the oxidizer from the oxidizer tank to the electric motor to cool the electric motor; an oxidizer recirculation line configured to recharge oxidizer vapor, generated through heat exchange between the electric motor and the oxidizer, to the oxidizer tank, thereby pressurizing an inner side of the oxidizer tank; and a combustion chamber configured to combust the oxidizer and fuel by being connected to the oxidizer pump through a second oxidizer supply line.

A method, which uses real pressure, temperature and mass data obtained from real telemetry, to control the mixture ratio based on the change of the temperature set in its tanks, where the mixture ratio is defined by the ratio between the oxidant mass consumption by the fuel mass consumption. To achieve this, the space system in question must have a bipropellant propulsion system operating in blow-down mode containing independent temperature control systems for each tank. The method is related to the aerospace field, the application of this method is of interest to the areas of manufacturing and operation of space systems.

A method, which uses real pressure, temperature and mass data obtained from real telemetry, to control the mixture ratio based on the change of the temperature set in its tanks, where the mixture ratio is defined by the ratio between the oxidant mass consumption by the fuel mass consumption. To achieve this, the space system in question must have a bipropellant propulsion system operating in blow-down mode containing independent temperature control systems for each tank. The method is related to the aerospace field, the application of this method is of interest to the areas of manufacturing and operation of space systems.

A propulsion apparatus is provided with a gas generator and a plurality of thrusters. The gas generator generates combustion gas when a flying body satisfies an emergency condition. Herein, the plurality of thrusters output the combustion gas downward. In addition, when viewed from a direction of travel of the flying body, the plurality of thrusters may overlap the gas generator. Furthermore, the plurality of thrusters may control an attitude of the flying body. In addition, the plurality of thrusters may reduce outputs of the combustion gas to a first output based on a landing of at least a part of the flying body.

A propulsion apparatus is provided with a gas generator and a plurality of thrusters. The gas generator generates combustion gas when a flying body satisfies an emergency condition. Herein, the plurality of thrusters output the combustion gas downward. In addition, when viewed from a direction of travel of the flying body, the plurality of thrusters may overlap the gas generator. Furthermore, the plurality of thrusters may control an attitude of the flying body. In addition, the plurality of thrusters may reduce outputs of the combustion gas to a first output based on a landing of at least a part of the flying body.

A turbine pump assembly has a turbine, a centrifugal pump, a passive electrical speed control system, and a pneumatic circuit breaker. The pneumatic circuit breaker has a plurality of elements that are configured to move to a position blocking an outlet duct of the turbine when a flow velocity exceeds a predetermined threshold. A rocket thrust vector control system is also disclosed.

A rocket motor and rocket motor feed system are disclosed. The rocket motor feed system includes a sonic choke which passively regulates the mass flow rate of gaseous propellant passing through the sonic choke. An injector is provided and isolates the upstream feed line of the rocket motor feed system from a combustor. Regenerative cooling circuits are disclosed. Self-pressurised gaseous propellants may be used with the rocket motor and rocket motor feed system. Suitable propellants are disclosed. Bi-propellants may be used. The sonic choke may provide a ratio of oxidiser:fuel to a combustor. Rocket motor feed systems with separate fuel and oxidiser branches are also disclosed. A rocket motor utilising such a feed system is disclosed.

A distributed fuel module includes a fuel pressure vessel with a gas port and a fuel port, a hydraulic circuit breaker connected to the fuel port, and a gaseous circuit breaker. The gaseous circuit breaker is connected to the gas port, is fluidly coupled to the hydraulic circuit breaker through the fuel pressure vessel, and is cooperatively associated with the gaseous circuit breaker to isolate the fuel pressure vessel from a compressed gas header and a fuel header according to pressure differential within the hydraulic circuit breaker and pressure differential within the gaseous circuit breaker. Power modules and methods of controlling fuel flow in fuel modules are also described.