The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for increasing the level of hydrogen produced in an exhaust gas recirculation pathway within an internal combustion engine. A hydrocarbon water gas shift reformer is positioned in series with a water gas shift reformer within the exhaust gas recirculation pathway to improve the yield of hydrogen and to improve the relative efficiency of both catalytic procedures.

For exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) fueling control, at least one donor cylinder of a plurality of cylinders in an engine provides exhaust gas to an air intake for the plurality of cylinders. A fuel variable restriction initially provides fuel concurrent with an intake stroke for the at least one donor cylinder in response to a transition from withholding the fuel to the plurality of cylinders.

For exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) fueling control, at least one donor cylinder of a plurality of cylinders in an engine provides exhaust gas to an air intake for the plurality of cylinders. A fuel variable restriction initially provides fuel concurrent with an intake stroke for the at least one donor cylinder in response to a transition from withholding the fuel to the plurality of cylinders.

Various methods and systems are provided for controlling air flow in a two-stage turbocharger. In one example, an engine method comprises adjusting one or more exhaust gas recirculation valves to maintain a first turbocharger within a first air flow range, and adjusting a turbocharger bypass valve to maintain a second turbocharger within a second air flow range.

Various methods and systems are provided for controlling air flow in a two-stage turbocharger. In one example, an engine method comprises adjusting one or more exhaust gas recirculation valves to maintain a first turbocharger within a first air flow range, and adjusting a turbocharger bypass valve to maintain a second turbocharger within a second air flow range.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an engine with reforming cylinders which are fuel reforming devices capable of supplying a reformed fuel according to the outputs of outputting cylinders. The engine is provided with the outputting cylinders for burning the fuel and the reforming cylinders which are the fuel reforming devices for reforming the fuel through the reciprocating motions of pistons. The amount of reformed fuel supplied to all the outputting cylinders is changed according to the outputs of the outputting cylinders while maintaining the amount of supplied fuel and the amount of suctioned gas, which are supplied into one reforming cylinder.

An engine control system of a vehicle includes a fuel control module that controls fuel injection of a first cylinder of an engine based on a first target air/fuel ratio that is fuel lean relative to a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio and that controls fuel injection of a second cylinder of the engine based on a second target air/fuel ratio that is fuel rich relative to stoichiometry. The first cylinder outputs exhaust to a first three way catalyst (TWC), and the second cylinder outputs exhaust to an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve. An EGR control module controls opening of the EGR valve to: (i) a second TWC that reacts with nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust and outputs ammonia to a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst; and (ii) a conduit that recirculates exhaust back to an intake system of the engine.

Methods and systems are provided for a boosted engine having a split exhaust system. In one example, a method comprises directing exhaust from a first cylinder group to one or more of a pre-compressor location, a post-compressor location, and an exhaust turbine, and directing exhaust from a second cylinder group to one or more of the pre-compressor location, and the exhaust turbine. Engine efficiency and knock control may be enhanced by directing exhaust gases to different locations based on engine operating conditions.

Methods and systems are provided for a boosted engine having a split exhaust system. In one example, a method comprises directing exhaust from a first cylinder group to one or more of a pre-compressor location, a post-compressor location, and an exhaust turbine, and directing exhaust from a second cylinder group to one or more of the pre-compressor location, and the exhaust turbine. Engine efficiency and knock control may be enhanced by directing exhaust gases to different locations based on engine operating conditions.

The invention concerns a discharge valve (17) intended to be fitted in a discharge duct of an apparatus designed to be driven by a fluid, in particular a turbocharger driven by the exhaust gases from an engine. The discharge valve (17) comprises a cavity (83) having a first (85), a second (87) and a third aperture (89), each intended to be connected to a respective duct, the discharge valve (17) also comprising first (91) and second (93) means for closing the first (85) and second (87) apertures, respectively, in order to control communication between the ducts.