A vehicle fuel injector is configured to inject a high-pressure vehicle fuel received from a fuel rail into a combustion chamber. The vehicle fuel injector includes a nozzle which includes a plurality of discharge flow paths which are disposed to be spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction and pass through the nozzle in a longitudinal direction, and outward flow paths formed on an inner circumferential surface of the nozzle, the nozzle having a hollow shape, and a needle bar which is formed to pass through the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle and vertically reciprocally moves on the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle, where rotation of the needle bar is adjusted in a left or right direction so that the nozzle is opened or closed.

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine and to a method for operating the internal combustion engine, which has at least one cylinder having a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber being bounded by a cylinder roof, a cylinder wall and a movable cylinder piston, a multi-hole injection nozzle and a spark plug being arranged in a central position in the cylinder roof, the multi-hole injection nozzle injecting fuel into the combustion chamber at injection pressures of >/=300 bar by means of a plurality of injection jets. It is provided that at least one injection jet (i>/=1) injects fuel into a three-dimensional space within the combustion chamber on the intake side, which space lies below an opening of at least one intake valve (104A, 104B) with respect to the direction of the longitudinal central axis (Z) of the cylinder, and at least four injections jets (i>/=4) inject fuel into a three-dimensional space of the combustion chamber on the exhaust side, which space lies below an opening of at least one exhaust valve (105A, 105B).

A control apparatus for an engine includes an engine, a state quantity setting device, a spark plug, and a controller. The spark plug ignites air-fuel mixture at predetermined ignition timing so that unburned air-fuel mixture combusts by autoignition after start of combustion of the air-fuel mixture by the ignition, and the controller adjusts a heat amount ratio in accordance with an operation state of the engine through change of the ignition timing, the heat amount ratio representing an index associated with a ratio of an amount of heat generated when the air-fuel mixture combusts by flame propagation with respect to a total amount of heat generated when the air-fuel mixture combusts in the combustion chamber.

A fuel and gas mixing structure for an engine is provided. This mixing structure includes a body configured to be positioned between a fuel injector and a cylinder of an engine. The body defines an interior volume that is configured to receive gas from outside the body and to receive one or more streams of fuel from the fuel injector in the interior volume. The body also defines one or more mixture conduits configured to conduct plumes of the fuel and gas, while mixing, from the interior volume to one or more exit ports and therethrough to the cylinder.

A control device of an engine including a cylinder, a piston, a cylinder head, and a combustion chamber is provided, which includes intake and exhaust ports, a swirl control valve provided in an intake passage connected to the intake port, a fuel injection valve attached to the cylinder head to be oriented into the center of the combustion chamber in a plan view thereof, and having first and second nozzle ports, and a control unit. The control unit includes a processor configured to execute a swirl opening controlling module to output the control signal to the swirl control valve to have a given opening at which a swirl ratio inside the combustion chamber becomes 2 or above, and a fuel injection timing controlling module to output the control signal to the fuel injector to inject fuel at a given timing at which the swirl ratio becomes 2 or above.

A fuel system for an internal combustion engine includes a fuel injector having a nozzle with first and second sets of spray orifices formed therein. The fuel injector also includes a first and a second outlet check movable to open and close the first and second sets of spray orifices. Spray plume ducts are supported at fixed orientations relative to a nozzle of the fuel injector, and each are oriented in-line with a center axis defined by one of the spray orifices. The spray plume ducts may be directly attached to the fuel injector or to a duct carrier mounted to an engine head.

Embodiments are directed to fuel injectors for internal combustion engines (e.g. engines with reciprocating pistons and with compression-ignition or spark-ignition, Wankel engines, turbines, jets, rockets, and the like) and more particularly to improved nozzle configurations for use as part of such fuel injectors. Other embodiments are directed to enabling fabrication technology that can provide for formation of nozzles with complex configurations and particularly for technologies that form structures via multiple layers of selectively deposited material or in combination with fabrication from a plurality of layers where critical layers are planarized before attaching additional layers thereto or forming additional layers thereon. Other embodiments are directed to methods and apparatus for integrating such nozzles with injector bodies.

A fuel injector for a common rail fuel system includes an energizer section, an injector section, and control section axially disposed along an injector axis. To control and injection event, the control section includes a control orifice manifold that has a plurality of control orifices and control passages to distribute high pressure fuel with the injector assembly. To prevent plugging of the control orifices and passages, an internal filter element with a plurality of filtration orifices is located in proximity to the control orifice manifold.

A fuel injection valve includes a valve seat, a valve element, and a plurality of swirl fuel injection passages. The plurality of swirl fuel injection passages are divided into a first swirl fuel injection passage group that forms a first spray and a second swirl fuel injection passage group that forms a second spray that is oriented in a direction different from a first direction.

Methods and systems are provided for a fuel injector for an engine. In one example, the injector may be adapted with a plurality of nozzles configured to enhance atomization of fuel. The plurality of nozzles may have geometries that increase turbulence and rotation of fuel flow therethrough. In some examples, the injector may also include a multi-stage counterbore that reduces a likelihood of coking at the injector.