Wind turbine farms are presented including: a number of steerable wind turbines each having a turbine diameter, where the number of steerable wind turbines is separated into a number of modules each placed in a fixed module placement and oriented in one of a number of fixed module orientations, where each one of the number of fixed module orientations corresponds with one of a number of prevailing wind directions, where the number of modules is separated into a number of sets placed in a number of fixed set positions. In some embodiments, each of the number of modules is positioned no closer than approximately six turbine diameters and no further than approximately fifteen turbine diameters from each another.

Provided is a method for optimizing an operation of a wind farm. The farm includes wind turbines and each can be adjusted via operating settings, and a farm model depicting the wind farm or part thereof is used. The method comprises an optimization sequence using the farm model, with the steps: specifying an optimization wind direction in the farm model for optimizing the operation of the farm for this wind direction; varying operating settings of at least a first leading turbine of the farm model; determining effects of varying the operating settings of the first leading turbine on at least one downstream turbine of the farm model, which is aerodynamically influenced by the first leading turbine, by means of a wake model; determining a total farm result of the farm model; wherein the operating settings are varied so as to optimize the total farm result.

A wind turbine comprises a nacelle, a drive shaft extending from the nacelle along a shaft axis, a plurality of turbine blades coupled to the drive shaft and extending radially relative to the shaft axis, and a first static airfoil structure coupled to the wind turbine to influence airflow exiting the plurality of turbine blades. A method of increasing wind turbine efficiency in a wind farm comprises positioning a first wind turbine having a first plurality of turbine blades at least partially upstream of a second wind turbine having a second plurality of turbine blades, producing a wake field of exit air behind the first plurality of turbine blades, directing air outside of the wake field into the wake field to increase speed of airflow in the wake field, and directing the airflow into the second plurality of turbine blades of the second wind turbine.

A blade 20 for a horizontal-axis wind turbine rotor comprises a radially-outer, energy-extraction portion 32 and a radially-inner, ventilation portion 30. The radially-inner ventilation portion 30 is shaped to ventilate a central area 34 of a wake of the rotor during use such that it contains more kinetic energy compared to the wake from a conventional rotor design. The increased wind flow velocity at the centre 34 of the wake generates additional shear stresses, with corresponding turbulence development, which gives rise to increased wake diffusion.

Provide is a method of estimating free-stream inflow at a downstream wind turbine of a wind park, the method including: selecting, from plural candidate wind turbines previously defined specifically for the downstream wind turbine, an upstream wind turbine based on a currently determined wind direction; using determination equipment of the selected upstream wind turbine to determine the free-stream inflow.

A method of repositioning a floating offshore wind turbine located at a current offshore position and having rotor blades rotating in a rotor blade plane includes: measuring a first value of a variability of a load related to a first location at the wind turbine; measuring a second value of a variability of a load related to a second location at the wind turbine; comparing the first value with the second value; and moving the wind turbine along a direction depending on the comparison and in particular further depending on the first location relative to the second location.

Provided is a method of determining a control setting of at least one wind turbine of a wind park, the method including: determining a free-stream wind turbulence and deriving the control setting based on the free-stream wind turbulence, wherein the control setting includes a yawing offset, and wherein the yawing offset is derived to be the smaller, the higher the free-stream wind turbulence is.

A method for controlling a wind energy farm is disclosed. A wake state of the wind energy farm is determined, including determining wake chains defining wake relationships among the wind turbines of the wind farm under the current wind conditions. For at least one of the wind turbines of the wind energy farm, a lifetime usage is estimated, based on an accumulated load measure for the wind turbine. In the case that the estimated lifetime usage is below a predefined lifetime usage limit, the wind turbine is operated in an overrated state, while monitoring wake effects at each of the wind turbines. In the case that a downstream wind turbine detects wake effects above a predefined wake threshold level, at least one wind turbine having an upstream wake relationship with the downstream wind turbine is requested to decrease the generated wake, e.g. by decreasing power production.

A wind turbine having a wake control system that is configured so as to control the wind turbine on the basis of wake effects caused at a further wind turbine, wherein the wake control system is configured so as to achieve control based on a turbulence measured value from a turbulence measurement sensor of the further wind turbine. A wind turbine having a turbulence measurement sensor that is configured so as to determine a turbulence measured value, wherein the turbulence measured value is indicative of a turbulence and/or wind shear at the wind turbine, wherein the wind turbine is configured so as to provide the turbulence measured value in order to control the wind turbine and/or a further wind turbine. A wake control system for a wind turbine, but also an improved wind farm and an improved method for controlling a wind turbine and a wind farm.

Wind turbine farms are presented including: a number of steerable wind turbines each having a turbine diameter, where the number of steerable wind turbines is separated into a number of modules each placed in a fixed module placement and oriented in one of a number of fixed module orientations, where each one of the number of fixed module orientations corresponds with one of a number of prevailing wind directions, where the number of modules is separated into a number of sets placed in a number of fixed set positions. In some embodiments, each of the number of modules is positioned no closer than approximately six turbine diameters and no further than approximately fifteen turbine diameters from each another.