An adaptor and an assembly including a cylinder and the adaptor are provided. The adaptor is used to mount the cylinder to a fluid channel. The adaptor is formed of a unitary wall including a first portion adapted to mount to the fluid channel, a second portion adapted to be engaged with a tool extending from the first portion, and a third portion extending from the second portion and seated within an inlet passageway of the cylinder. The third portion includes locking features for locking the adaptor to the cylinder, and a sealing feature for sealing the adaptor to the cylinder. The sealing feature is distal to the second portion such that when a torque is applied to the adaptor, the sealing feature does not cause the adaptor to shear. The cylinder and fluid channel may be capable of being swiveled relative to each other around the adaptor, such swiveling may be up to 360 degrees and may be 360 degrees.

A multistage piston actuator exerts a driving pressure against a spring pressure into pressure chambers of piston bodies, fitted into a cylinder body, to operate the push rod. Each piston body is combined with a partition fitted into the cylinder body. Each piston body includes a pressure receiving plate portion, and an axial rod and a slidable cylindrical guide portion extending concentrically in opposite directions, the axial rod having an axial air passage connected to the pressure chambers. Each partition includes a base plate portion having a through-hole which receives the axial rod of an adjacent piston body, a large-diameter outermost cylindrical portion fitted into the cylinder body, and a slidable cylindrical guide portion slidably fit-engaged with the slidable cylindrical guide portion of the piston body. The axial rods of each piston body are brought into contact to operate the push rod.

An apparatus having an accumulator fluidly coupled to a cylinder having a moveable rod and a pressure relief valve, the cylinder configured to produce an increase in resistance to retraction of the cylinder by re-routing fluid flow to the accumulator through the pressure relief valve after the rod has reached a defined retraction distance.

An actuator includes a piston and a housing. The piston includes a piston shaft that is configured to reciprocate within the housing. The actuator also includes a conductor coupled to the piston within the housing and configured to electrically couple the piston to the housing as the piston reciprocates within the housing.

A cylinder device includes: a first piston (8) inserted in a first cylinder hole (4) so as to be movable in an axial direction, a piston rod (7) being hermetically inserted in the first piston (8), the first piston (8) being fixed to the piston rod (7); a second piston (10, 37) inserted in a second cylinder hole (5) so as to be movable in the axial direction, the piston rod (7) being inserted in the second piston (10, 37); and a partition wall (13) dividing a cylinder hole (6) into the first cylinder hole (4) and the second cylinder hole (5), the partition wall (13) being movable in the axial direction.

A hydraulic cylinder enclosing a cavity, the cylinder containing a thru hole, an inner cylinder surface, and a longitudinal axis, and a piston within the cavity and movable relative to the cylinder in parallel to the longitudinal axis between a first and second positions. The piston includes a rod extending through the thru hole, the piston attached to the rod and in sealed engagement with the inner cylinder surface, and dividing the cavity into low and high pressure cavities, and each of the low and high pressure cavities containing a hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic cylinder further including a flexible bladder within the high pressure cavity containing a gas and preventing the gas from mixing with hydraulic fluid in the high pressure cavity. The flexible bladder is attached to an end of the cylinder, and is expandable within the high pressure cavity so that when the piston is in the first position, the flexible bladder and the gas are compressed, and as the piston moves toward the second position, the flexible bladder and the gas fill at least a portion of the high pressure cavity.

A gas cylinder includes supply passages for supplying, to an accommodation chamber, a part of gas supplied to a second port. When the pressure in a first pressure chamber is equal to or lower than a prescribed pressure, a valve element closes a discharge flow passage by the biasing force of a spring member and the pressure in the accommodation chamber. When the pressure in the first pressure chamber exceeds the prescribed pressure, the valve element is moved by the pressure in the first pressure chamber, against the biasing force and the pressure in the accommodation chamber, to thereby open the discharge flow passage.

A hydraulic locking device for an exoskeleton joint with an extendable and retractable hydraulic cylinder, a tank and a switching valve. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the tank via a line arrangement and the switching valve is disposed in the line arrangement. The switching valve is switchable between a release position and a blocking position. The hydraulic cylinder is freely movable in the release position of the switching valve, and the switching valve prevents retraction of the hydraulic cylinder in the blocking position. The hydraulic locking device further comprises a housing, and the hydraulic cylinder is a plunger cylinder with a plunger cylinder housing and a plunger piston movably arranged in the plunger cylinder housing, the plunger cylinder being arranged within the housing. Further, an exoskeleton joint having such a hydraulic locking device is disclosed.

An actuator-damper unit for use in orthotic or prosthetic devices. The actuator-damper unit includes a housing which may be fastened on the orthotic or prosthetic device and in which a cylinder is formed. A first piston is displaceably mounted in the cylinder and is coupled to a piston rod. The piston rod is disposed, via a first end, on the first piston and may be coupled, via a second end, to the orthotic or prosthetic device. The first piston separates two fluid chambers in the cylinder from each other and forms a piston-cylinder unit, wherein at least one further piston is coupled to the first piston in order to form at least one further, variable-volume fluid chamber.

Provided is a cylinder device capable of preventing rotation unevenness while reducing power consumption and achieving compactification in particular. The present invention is to provide a cylinder device including a cylinder body and a shaft member supported in the cylinder body, the cylinder body being provided with a rotation port that communicates with an outer circumferential surface around the shaft member and rotates the shaft member based on a supply and discharge of a fluid. Thus, it is possible to prevent rotation unevenness while reducing power consumption and achieving compactification.