To provide a highly active herbicidal composition to control undesired plants by synergistic herbicidal effects. The present invention provides a herbicidal composition comprising (A) metobromuron or its salt, and (B) at least one herbicidal compound selected from the group consisting of chlorpropham, S-metolachlor, flufenacet, pyroxasulfone, nicosulfuron, fluazifop-P-butyl, prometryn, ioxynil, pendimethalin, trifluralin, prosulfocarb, thiobencarb and indanofan, or its alkyl ester or its salt; and a herbicidal method of using it.

The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35 C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60 C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35 C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60 C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35 C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60 C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35 C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60 C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

The present disclosure describes novel PKC-? activators chosen from halogenated esters of unsaturated fatty acids derivatives thereof, including halogenated esters of both polyunsaturated and monunsaturated fatty acids and derivatives thereof. The disclosure further relates to compositions, kits, and methods for treatment using the halogenated esters.

The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I) [wherein L represents an oxygen atom or CH.sub.2, E represents a C2-C10 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.1 represents a C1-C3 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.2 represents a C1-C3 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3.] or its N oxide or agriculturally acceptable salt, which is a compound that have excellent pests controlling effects.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I) [wherein L represents an oxygen atom or CH.sub.2, E represents a C2-C10 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.1 represents a C1-C3 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.2 represents a C1-C3 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3.] or its N oxide or agriculturally acceptable salt, which is a compound that have excellent pests controlling effects.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I) [wherein L represents an oxygen atom or CH.sub.2, E represents a C2-C10 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.1 represents a C1-C3 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.2 represents a C1-C3 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3.] or its N oxide or agriculturally acceptable salt, which is a compound that have excellent pests controlling effects.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a compound represented by formula (I) [wherein L represents an oxygen atom or CH.sub.2, E represents a C2-C10 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.1 represents a C1-C3 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.2 represents a C1-C3 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3.] or its N oxide or agriculturally acceptable salt, which is a compound that have excellent pests controlling effects.

##STR00001##