This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such molecules and compositions against such pests. These molecules and compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One).

##STR00001##

This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such molecules and compositions against such pests. These molecules and compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One).

##STR00001##

This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such molecules and compositions against such pests. These molecules and compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One).

##STR00001##

A method of killing bacteria. The method includes contacting the bacteria with an effective amount of at least one oxidation product of safranal selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula II, a compound of formula III, and stereoisomers thereof. ##STR00001## The oxidation products of safranal of formula II and/or formula III are preferably synthesized by subjecting safranal to oxidation reactions either photochemically with at least one peroxide in the presence of light or thermally with at least one organic peracid.

A method of killing bacteria. The method includes contacting the bacteria with an effective amount of at least one oxidation product of safranal selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula II, a compound of formula III, and stereoisomers thereof. ##STR00001## The oxidation products of safranal of formula II and/or formula III are preferably synthesized by subjecting safranal to oxidation reactions either photochemically with at least one peroxide in the presence of light or thermally with at least one organic peracid.

Substituted vinyl- and alkynylcyanocycloalkanols and vinyl- and alkynylcyanoheterocyclylalkanols of the general formula (I) or salts thereof

##STR00001## where [XY], Q, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, V, W, m and n are each as defined in the description, processes for preparation thereof and the use thereof for enhancing stress tolerance in plants with respect to abiotic stress, and/or for increasing plant yield.

Substituted vinyl- and alkynylcyanocycloalkanols and vinyl- and alkynylcyanoheterocyclylalkanols of the general formula (I) or salts thereof

##STR00001## where [XY], Q, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, V, W, m and n are each as defined in the description, processes for preparation thereof and the use thereof for enhancing stress tolerance in plants with respect to abiotic stress, and/or for increasing plant yield.

This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One): ##STR00001##
and processes associated therewith.

This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One): ##STR00001##
and processes associated therewith.

The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35 C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60 C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.