This disclosure includes a method of protecting crops from Cercospora leaf spot, by the foliar application of brassinosteroids. The method is able to be based on natural and synthesized material, 24-epibrassinolide and other commercial brassinolides, in contrast to those conventional fungicides cause pathogen resistances and the harm to human and the environment. This disclosure provides alternative and safe option against Cercospora leaf spot diseases.

A biostimulant concentrate includes purified water and a solubilizer, triacontanol, and an array of brassinosteroids selected from the group consisting of brassinolide, brassinone, dolicholide, homobrassinolide, and combinations thereof. The triacontanol is concentrated as a 95% concentrate that is included in an amount of 2-15 grains per liter of biostimulant concentrate. In one embodiment, 3 grams of triacontanol 95% is used per liter of biostimulant concentrate. The biostimulant is formulated into a foliar spray in one embodiment of the invention. The present inventive formulation is used as an in-furrow application, which is mixed with fertilizer in one aspect of the invention. The present invention is mixed with herbicide and broadcast sprayed in another embodiment of the invention. This broadcast spray can be performed either pre-emergence, or post emergence, or both.

A biostimulant concentrate includes purified water and a solubilizer, triacontanol, and an array of brassinosteroids selected from the group consisting of brassinolide, brassinone, dolicholide, homobrassinolide, and combinations thereof. The triacontanol is concentrated as a 95% concentrate that is included in an amount of 2-15 grains per liter of biostimulant concentrate. In one embodiment, 3 grams of triacontanol 95% is used per liter of biostimulant concentrate. The biostimulant is formulated into a foliar spray in one embodiment of the invention. The present inventive formulation is used as an in-furrow application, which is mixed with fertilizer in one aspect of the invention. The present invention is mixed with herbicide and broadcast sprayed in another embodiment of the invention. This broadcast spray can be performed either pre-emergence, or post emergence, or both.

A biostimulant concentrate includes purified water and a solubilizer, triacontanol, and an array of brassinosteroids selected from the group consisting of brassinolide, brassinone, dolicholide, homobrassinolide, and combinations thereof. The triacontanol is concentrated as a 95% concentrate that is included in an amount of 2-15 grains per liter of biostimulant concentrate. In one embodiment, 3 grams of triacontanol 95% is used per liter of biostimulant concentrate. The biostimulant is formulated into a foliar spray in one embodiment of the invention. The present inventive formulation is used as an in-furrow application, which is mixed with fertilizer in one aspect of the invention. The present invention is mixed with herbicide and broadcast sprayed in another embodiment of the invention. This broadcast spray can be performed either pre-emergence, or post emergence, or both.

Methods for applying a coating to a surface of a substrate for inhibition and prevention of implant-associated complications (including implant-associated infections), methods for inhibiting and preventing implant-associated complications (including implant-associated infections), implant-associated infection inhibiting coatings, and coated devices are provided. Coating processes include a) providing a saturated or supersaturated solution of an antibiotic in a fast-evaporating or medium-evaporating organic solvent; b) coating the surface of the substrate with at least one application of solution, each application followed directly by a solvent evaporation period.

Methods for applying a coating to a surface of a substrate for inhibition and prevention of implant-associated complications (including implant-associated infections), methods for inhibiting and preventing implant-associated complications (including implant-associated infections), implant-associated infection inhibiting coatings, and coated devices are provided. Coating processes include a) providing a saturated or supersaturated solution of an antibiotic in a fast-evaporating or medium-evaporating organic solvent; b) coating the surface of the substrate with at least one application of solution, each application followed directly by a solvent evaporation period.

The present invention relates to agricultural methods and the use of an insecticidal active carboxamide derivative in seed treatment and soil application methods.

The insecticidal carboxamide derivative is highly suitable alone or in combination with other active agricultural ingredients for controlling animal pests such as insects and/or spider mites and/or nematodes by treating the soil/growth substrate by drenching or drip application or dipping or soil injection.

The present invention relates to agricultural methods and the use of an insecticidal active carboxamide derivative in seed treatment and soil application methods.

The insecticidal carboxamide derivative is highly suitable alone or in combination with other active agricultural ingredients for controlling animal pests such as insects and/or spider mites and/or nematodes by treating the soil/growth substrate by drenching or drip application or dipping or soil injection.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method which does not have a problem with safety and enables controlling various pests even at a low dosage, and a pest control agent composition and a pest control agent set which are suitable to be used for the method. In the pest control method of the present invention, at least one compound selected from a compound of formula (I) (wherein, in formula (I), R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylsulfinyl group, or the like, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, R represents a C1-6 haloalkyl group or a C2-6 haloalkenyl group, X represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-6 alkenyl group, or the like, n represents any integer of 0 to 4, and Xs are the same or different when n is 2 or more) and a salt thereof is applied with an insecticidal or acaricidal active component to an object.

##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to provide a method which does not have a problem with safety and enables controlling various pests even at a low dosage, and a pest control agent composition and a pest control agent set which are suitable to be used for the method. In the pest control method of the present invention, at least one compound selected from a compound of formula (I) (wherein, in formula (I), R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkylsulfinyl group, or the like, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, R represents a C1-6 haloalkyl group or a C2-6 haloalkenyl group, X represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-6 alkenyl group, or the like, n represents any integer of 0 to 4, and Xs are the same or different when n is 2 or more) and a salt thereof is applied with an insecticidal or acaricidal active component to an object.

##STR00001##