The present invention provides a method for controlling a soybean rust fungus having an amino acid substitution of F129L in a mitochondrial cytochrome b protein. A compound represented by formula (I)

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[wherein: X.sup.1 represents —C(H)═ or the like; X.sup.2 represents —C(O)OCH.sub.3 or the like; Y.sup.1 represents —C(R.sup.4)═ or the like; Y.sup.2 represents —C(R.sup.5)═ or the like; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 each represent a C1-C4 alkyl group or the like; and E represents a C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group or the like]
can be used for controlling a soybean rust fungus having an amino acid substitution of F129L in a mitochondrial cytochrome b protein.

The present invention relates to methods of treating immune disorders and/or inflammation using certain modulator compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of treating an immune and inflammatory disorders disorder by administering a composition comprising a therapeutically effective dosage of an ascaroside compound, or a mixture of ascaroside compounds, or a mixture containing at least one ascaroside.

The present invention relates to methods of treating immune disorders and/or inflammation using certain modulator compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of treating an immune and inflammatory disorders disorder by administering a composition comprising a therapeutically effective dosage of an ascaroside compound, or a mixture of ascaroside compounds, or a mixture containing at least one ascaroside.

The present invention is directed to aqueous herbicidal compositions containing flumiclorac-pentyl, pyroxasulfone and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate. The present invention is further directed to a method of controlling weeds by applying compositions of the present invention.

The present invention is directed to aqueous herbicidal compositions containing flumiclorac-pentyl, pyroxasulfone and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate. The present invention is further directed to a method of controlling weeds by applying compositions of the present invention.

Provided is an improved herbicide formulation and an improved method of treating a crop. The herbicide formulation comprises a herbicide and a volatility reduction adjuvant comprising a salt of a volatile acid and a salt of a nonvolatile acid.

Provided is an improved herbicide formulation and an improved method of treating a crop. The herbicide formulation comprises a herbicide and a volatility reduction adjuvant comprising a salt of a volatile acid and a salt of a nonvolatile acid.

A technique for inducing tolerance to environmental stress in a plant is provided. Tolerance to environmental stress in a plant is induced by applying to the plant an abscisic acid-like substance, such as abscisic acid and agonists thereof, in combination with a nitrogen-containing compound, such as amino acids and amino acid derivatives.

The present invention provides a compound that have excellent harmful arthropod controlling effects, the compounds being represented by formula (I) [wherein Q represents a group represented by formula Q1 or the like, Z represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, A.sup.1 represents a nitrogen atom or CR.sup.6a, A.sup.2 represents a nitrogen atom or CR.sup.6b, A.sup.3 represents a nitrogen atom or CR.sup.6c, A.sup.4 represents CR.sup.1a or the like, A.sup.5 represents a nitrogen atom or CR.sup.6e or the like, A.sup.6 represents a nitrogen atom or CR.sup.6f, R.sup.6a represents a hydrogen atom or the like, R.sup.6b represents a C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.6c, R.sup.6e, R.sup.6f are identical to or different from each other, and each represents a C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.1a represents a C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.2 represents a C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, R.sup.3 represents a C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group or the like, and n is 0, 1 or 2] or its N oxide compound. ##STR00001##

Compositions and methods of using exogenous antioxidant compounds and additives for Cannabis and hemp production and growth and methods for enhancing the production of secondary metabolites and alleviating stress in Cannabis and hemp plants are described.