The invention relates to injecting steam into crude oil for several benefits, primarily of which is to remove salt by transferring the salt into the condensed water from the steam. Steam transfers salt via a different transfer mechanism and therefore doesn't require the high shear mixing of conventional water injection systems. As such, steam injection through a variety of procedures, is more efficient at gathering salt into water that itself is easier to remove from the crude oil.

The process begins by obtaining a first batch of monomers selected from a group of acrylates with a molecular, weight equal to or less than butyl acrylate and/or methacrylate with a molecular weight equal to or less than butyl methacrylate. A second batch of monomers is then selected from a group of acrylates with a molecular weight greater than butyl acrylate and/or methacrylate with a molecular weight greater than butyl methacrylate. A mixture is then prepared by mixing the first batch of monomers and the second batch of monomers, wherein the second batch of monomers are greater than 50% by weight of the mixture. Finally, the mixture is polymerized to produce a drag reducing polymer. The drag reducing polymer is capable of imparting drag reducing properties in liquid hydrocarbons.

The process begins by obtaining a first batch of monomers selected from a group of acrylates with a molecular, weight equal to or less than butyl acrylate and/or methacrylate with a molecular weight equal to or less than butyl methacrylate. A second batch of monomers is then selected from a group of acrylates with a molecular weight greater than butyl acrylate and/or methacrylate with a molecular weight greater than butyl methacrylate. A mixture is then prepared by mixing the first batch of monomers and the second batch of monomers, wherein the second batch of monomers are greater than 50% by weight of the mixture. Finally, the mixture is polymerized to produce a drag reducing polymer. The drag reducing polymer is capable of imparting drag reducing properties in liquid hydrocarbons.

Compounds are provided that can be used in methods for reducing paraffin or wax deposition in crude oil during processing, storage, or transportation. More specifically, the method comprises contacting the crude oil with a composition in an amount effective to reduce paraffin or was deposition.

Compounds are provided that can be used in methods for reducing paraffin or wax deposition in crude oil during processing, storage, or transportation. More specifically, the method comprises contacting the crude oil with a composition in an amount effective to reduce paraffin or was deposition.

The present invention pertains to a composition for crude oil production, comprising an emulsion viscosity reducer (EVR); a scale inhibitor, and a solvent system comprising water, an oil soluble solvent and a co-solvent; to a process for production of crude oil using the compositions; and the use of the compositions as flow improver or viscosity reducer.

A catalyst consisting essentially of at least one tertiary monophenyl amine having a formula R.sup.1R.sup.2N-aryl, where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different, and each is a hydrogen, an alkyl, or a cycloalkyl group, where at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 contain at least one carbon atom; at least one titanium halide having a formula TiX.sub.m, where m is from 2.5 to 4.0 and X is a halogen containing moiety; and at least one cocatalyst having a formula AlR.sub.n Y.sub.3-n where R is a hydrocarbon radical, Y is a halogen or hydrogen, and n is 1-3. Further, the catalyst is absent of a carrier or support.

The invention relates to injecting steam into crude oil for several benefits, primarily of which is to remove salt by transferring the salt into the condensed water from the steam. Steam transfers salt via a different transfer mechanism and therefore doesn't require the high shear mixing of conventional water injection systems. As such, steam injection through a variety of procedures, is more efficient at gathering salt into water that itself is easier to remove from the crude oil.

The invention relates to injecting steam into crude oil for several benefits, primarily of which is to remove salt by transferring the salt into the condensed water from the steam. Steam transfers salt via a different transfer mechanism and therefore doesn't require the high shear mixing of conventional water injection systems. As such, steam injection through a variety of procedures, is more efficient at gathering salt into water that itself is easier to remove from the crude oil.

A method of reducing drag in a conduit. The method includes producing ultra high molecular weight (UHMW) C.sub.4-C.sub.30 -olefin drag reducing agent (DRA) and introducing the UHMW C.sub.4-C.sub.30 -olefin polymer DRA into the conduit to reduce drag in the conduit. The catalyst consists essentially of at least one tertiary monophenyl amine selected from the group consisting of N,N-diethylaniline, N-ethyl-N-methylparatolylamine, N,N-dipropylaniline, N,N-diethylmesitylamine, and combinations thereof; at least one titanium halide having a formula TiX.sub.m, where m is from 2.5 to 4.0 and X is a halogen containing moiety; and at least one cocatalyst having a formula AlR.sub.nY.sub.3-n where R is a hydrocarbon radical, Y is a halogen or hydrogen, and n is 1-20. Further, the catalyst is absent of a carrier or support.