An LED filament comprising a plurality of LED filament units, each of the plurality of LED filament units includes a LED chip with an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to the upper surface of the LED chip, and a light conversion layer comprising a top layer and a base layer, and the base layer comprises an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to the upper surface of the base layer, where the top layer with an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to the upper surface of the top layer is disposed on at least two sides of each of the LED chips, the lower surface of each of the LED chips is close to the upper surface of the base layer, and the upper surface of the top layer is away from each of the LED chips.

A lighting system comprises at least one excitation source (5), preferably an LED, operable to generate and radiate excitation radiation of a first wavelength (λ.sub.1); a shade (4) configured to at least in part surround the at least one source (5) and remotely located thereto; and at least one phosphor (16) provided in or on at least a part of the shade (4), wherein the phosphor (16) emits radiation of a different wavelength in response to incident excitation radiation. The phosphor can be provided on a part of an outer or inner surface of the shade. Alternatively, or in addition, the phosphor is incorporated within the shade. The lighting system finds particular application as a hanging, a desk, a floor standing, a wall mountable, a spot, an outdoor or an accent lighting fixture.

An illumination device includes a bulb including a segment of at least second order curvature and a cylindrical segment. A least two laser diodes are coupled with the bulb such that laser beams emitted by the at least two laser-diodes propagate inside the bulb through total internal reflection. The laser beams propagating in the bulb expand in the bulb, are evenly mixed and exceed outward from the bulb as a volumetric light flux.

A lighting assembly 100, a lamp and a luminaire are provided. The lighting assembly 100 comprises a light exit window 114, a light source 110 and a partially light transmitting reflector 102. The light source 110 emits light in at least a first narrow band of the visible spectrum towards the light exit window 114. The partially light transmitting reflector 102 is arranged at the light exit window 114 and reflects substantially all light of the visible spectrum except in at least the first narrow band of the visible spectrum. The partially light transmitting reflector is light transmitting in the first narrow band.

Materials and optical components formed thereof that are suitable for use in a lighting apparatus to impart a color filtering effect to visible light. At least a portion of such an optical component is formed of a composite material comprising a polymeric matrix material and an inorganic particulate material that contributes a color filtering effect to visible light passing through the composite material, and the particulate material comprises a neodymium compound containing Nd.sup.3+ ions.

Light emitting diodes are disclosed that utilize multiple conversion materials in the conversion process in order to achieve the desired emission color point. Different embodiments of the present invention can comprise different phosphor types in separate layers on, above or around one or a plurality of LED chips to achieve the desired light conversion. The LEDs can then emit a desired combination of light from the LED chips and conversion material. In some embodiments, conversion materials can be applied as layers of different phosphor types in order of longest emission wavelength phosphor first, followed by shorter emission phosphors in sequence as opposed to applying in a homogeneously mixed phosphor converter. The conversion material layers can be applied as a blanket over the LED chips and the area surrounding the chip, such as the surface of a submount holding the LED chips.

Light emitting diodes are disclosed that utilize multiple conversion materials in the conversion process in order to achieve the desired emission color point. Different embodiments of the present invention can comprise different phosphor types in separate layers on, above or around one or a plurality of LED chips to achieve the desired light conversion. The LEDs can then emit a desired combination of light from the LED chips and conversion material. In some embodiments, conversion materials can be applied as layers of different phosphor types in order of longest emission wavelength phosphor first, followed by shorter emission phosphors in sequence as opposed to applying in a homogeneously mixed phosphor converter. The conversion material layers can be applied as a blanket over the LED chips and the area surrounding the chip, such as the surface of a submount holding the LED chips.

A coating composition for forming a light scattering layer includes a light transmitting resin containing an acrylic resin, and resin particles containing a fluororesin having a refractive index of 1.40 or less. The resin particles are contained in the amount of 100 to 400 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the light transmitting resin on a solids basis.

A light emitting device includes a base having a light reflecting surface and having a first side on which the light reflecting surface is provided, light sources mounted on the first side, and a half mirror disposed opposite to the base to reflect a part of incident light and to transmit another part of the incident light. Each of the light sources includes a reflecting layer on an upper surface of each of the light sources. The half mirror has an oblique reflectance with respect to wavelengths of light emitted from the light sources in a case where the light travels obliquely toward the half mirror. The half mirror has a perpendicular reflectance with respect to the wavelengths in a case where the light travels perpendicularly toward the half mirror. The oblique reflectance is smaller than the perpendicular reflectance.

A light emitting device includes a base having a light reflecting surface and having a first side on which the light reflecting surface is provided, light sources mounted on the first side, and a half mirror disposed opposite to the base to reflect a part of incident light and to transmit another part of the incident light. Each of the light sources includes a reflecting layer on an upper surface of each of the light sources. The half mirror has an oblique reflectance with respect to wavelengths of light emitted from the light sources in a case where the light travels obliquely toward the half mirror. The half mirror has a perpendicular reflectance with respect to the wavelengths in a case where the light travels perpendicularly toward the half mirror. The oblique reflectance is smaller than the perpendicular reflectance.