A method of manufacturing a light-emitting device includes: providing a light source including a first substrate and a light-emitting element coupled to the first substrate; and after the providing of the light source, forming one or more positioning holes in the first substrate at locations spaced apart from a light-emitting part of the light source by predetermined distances in a top plan view.

A method of manufacturing a light-emitting device includes: providing a light source including a first substrate and a light-emitting element coupled to the first substrate; and after the providing of the light source, forming one or more positioning holes in the first substrate at locations spaced apart from a light-emitting part of the light source by predetermined distances in a top plan view.

A sensor device for a transportation device includes a sensing apparatus for sensing first electromagnetic radiation having at least one first wavelength, and a covering device for the sensing apparatus. The covering device contains a fluorescent portion includes a fluorescent dye, which has an absorption spectrum and an emission spectrum. The fluorescent portion is transparent to the first electromagnetic radiation having the first wavelength. The fluorescent portion is configured such that, when irradiated with second electromagnetic radiation having a second wavelength in the absorption spectrum of the fluorescent dye, the fluorescent portion emits third electromagnetic radiation in the emission spectrum. The first wavelength and the second wavelength are different.

A sensor device for a transportation device includes a sensing apparatus for sensing first electromagnetic radiation having at least one first wavelength, and a covering device for the sensing apparatus. The covering device contains a fluorescent portion includes a fluorescent dye, which has an absorption spectrum and an emission spectrum. The fluorescent portion is transparent to the first electromagnetic radiation having the first wavelength. The fluorescent portion is configured such that, when irradiated with second electromagnetic radiation having a second wavelength in the absorption spectrum of the fluorescent dye, the fluorescent portion emits third electromagnetic radiation in the emission spectrum. The first wavelength and the second wavelength are different.

A phosphor based light source, including: an incident beam of light focused onto the front surface of a piece of phosphor; wherein the phosphor has polished back surface coated with a high-reflection, high-thermal-conduction layer, sandwiched between the phosphor and a heat sink, and the phosphor emission light is collected into a fiber or fiber bundle by a single lens or lens groups.

A phosphor based light source, including: an incident beam of light focused onto the front surface of a piece of phosphor; wherein the phosphor has polished back surface coated with a high-reflection, high-thermal-conduction layer, sandwiched between the phosphor and a heat sink, and the phosphor emission light is collected into a fiber or fiber bundle by a single lens or lens groups.

This light source device includes: a wavelength conversion element that absorbs a portion of an incident first color beam and outputs a second color beam in a wavelength region that is different from a wavelength region of the first color beam, and outputs an unabsorbed portion of the first color beam; a first optical system that outputs the first color beam toward the wavelength conversion element, while concentrating the first color beam, and sets a focal position of the first color beam to a position shifted from a position on the wavelength conversion element; and a second optical system that is disposed on light output side of the wavelength conversion element, and includes an optical member that concentrates light on a different position depending on a wavelength.

This light source device includes: a wavelength conversion element that absorbs a portion of an incident first color beam and outputs a second color beam in a wavelength region that is different from a wavelength region of the first color beam, and outputs an unabsorbed portion of the first color beam; a first optical system that outputs the first color beam toward the wavelength conversion element, while concentrating the first color beam, and sets a focal position of the first color beam to a position shifted from a position on the wavelength conversion element; and a second optical system that is disposed on light output side of the wavelength conversion element, and includes an optical member that concentrates light on a different position depending on a wavelength.

An illuminating device includes a pump radiation source for emitting pump radiation as a beam bundle, a phosphor element for converting the pump radiation into conversion light, and a lens system between the pump radiation source and the phosphor element, which is penetrated by the pump beam bundle, wherein the lens system has a focus and the phosphor element is arranged at the focus, and wherein furthermore a lens of the lens system has a scattering means which scattering means the pump beam bundle penetrates and is widened at the same time, so that the pump beam bundle is incident on the phosphor element in a manner widened around a focus point.

A light emitting apparatus is provided. The light emitting apparatus includes a light source which emits laser light. A first light guide, which is flexible, extends from the light source for guiding the laser light emitted by the light source. A second light guide, which has a fixed shape, is connected to the first light guide for guiding the laser light emitted by the light source. A body holds the second light guide and sends out, to an outside of the body, light based on the laser light guided by the first light guide and the second light guide.