The present application provides a once-through evaporator system. The once-through evaporator system may include a number of enlarged once-through evaporator sections, a first superheater positioned immediately downstream of the enlarged once-through evaporator sections, a second superheater positioned downstream of the first superheater, and an attemperator positioned between the first superheater and the second superheater.

Proposed is a ship cogeneration system using waste heat of an LNG engine ship recovered through an economizer. More particularly, proposed is a ship cogeneration system using waste heat of an LNG engine ship recovered through an economizer. The ship cogeneration system is configured to generate electric power by recovering waste heat generated from an LNG engine and providing high-temperature and high-pressure steam discharged from the economizer to an evaporator of an organic Rankine cycle. The ship cogeneration system is capable of removing soot generated on a contact surface between the exhaust gas of the LNG engine and the economizer by using some of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam.

Liquid is flash evaporated in a series of cells along and surrounding an exhaust duct to generate a pressurized vapor where at least one of the surfaces is in communication with the source of heat sufficient to maintain the surface at a temperature such that the liquid injected into the chamber is substantially instantly converted to a superheated vapor with no liquid pooling within the chamber. The liquid is introduced by controlled injectors operating at a required rate. Each of the cells is periodically discharged by a pressure controlled relief valve and the vapor from the cells combined to form a continuous stream feeding a turbine or other energy conversion device. The outer wall of the cell is offset so that it contacts the inner wall at one point around the periphery. Heat transfer ribs and bars can be provided in the duct to provide increased heat transfer where necessary.

Systems and methods are provided for heating and manipulating a fluid to heat the fluid, evaporate water from the fluid, concentrate the fluid, separate the fluid into fractions; and/or pasteurize the fluid, comprising a closed-loop heating subsystem coupled to a primary fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger, and one or more fluid manipulation subsystems also coupled to the primary fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger.

An expansion apparatus for recovering waste heat may include two or more turbines and a distribution valve distributing working fluid supplied from the boiler to the two or more turbines, wherein the two or more turbines include a power turbine and one or more auxiliary turbines, and the power turbine is configured to receive a larger amount of working fluid than the one or more auxiliary turbines.

A power cogeneration system employing a steam turbine in association with conventional engines.

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a system, method, and apparatus comprising a direct steam generator configured to generate saturated steam or superheated steam and combustion exhaust constituents. A CONVAPORATOR Unit (CU) can be fluidly coupled to the direct steam generator. The CU can be configured to route the saturated steam or superheated steam and combustion exhaust constituents through a condenser portion of the CU via a condenser side steam conduit and can be configured to condense the super-heated steam or saturated steam to form a condensate. A separation tank and water return system can be fluidly coupled to a condenser side condensate conduit of the condenser portion of the CU. The separation tank and water return system can be configured to separate the combustion exhaust constituents from the condensate. An evaporator portion of the CU can be fluidly coupled with the separation tank and water return system via an evaporator side condensate conduit. The evaporator portion can be configured to evaporate the condensate from the separation tank and water return system via heat transfer between the condenser portion and evaporator portion to form steam. A turbine can be fluidly coupled with the evaporator portion of the CU via an evaporator side steam conduit.

A control method for operating a heat recovery steam generator having a flue gas channel in which an evaporator, having at least two evaporator heating surfaces arranged successively in the flue gas channel and at least one intermediate heating surface arranged between the evaporator heating surfaces, is provided, the method including determining a characteristic value characteristic of the heat absorption in the evaporator for the evaporator heating surfaces, additionally determining for the at least one intermediate heating surface, an additional characteristic value for the heat absorption of the intermediate heating surface, and subtracting this additional characteristic value from the characteristic value characteristic of the heat absorption in the evaporator.

A method of evaporation comprises cooling a prime mover using a coolant. The cooling comprising pumping the coolant from the prime mover through a heat exchanger and back to the prime mover in a cooling circuit. A process fluid is circulated in an evaporator loop comprising the heat exchanger and a flash tank, the process fluid being circulated from the flash tank, through the heat exchanger and to a flash nozzle positioned in the flash tank. A pressure of the process fluid is reduced across the flash nozzle from a first pressure upstream of the flash nozzle to a second pressure in the flash tank, wherein heat from the coolant provides sufficient thermal energy to the process fluid in the heat exchanger so that a percentage of the process fluid changes phase from liquid to steam when the pressure of the process fluid is reduced across the flash nozzle. Steam is ejected from the flash tank to separate the steam from the process fluid.

A supercritical hydrothermal combustion device comprises a main enclosure and a top cap. A partition is mounted in the main enclosure and divides the interior of the main enclosure into a main combustion space and a mixing space. The top cap is provided with a primary fuel inlet, an oxidant inlet and a secondary fuel inlet. A high-temperature ignition bar sleeve, having a high-temperature ignition bar arranged therein, is disposed in the top cap. A combustion sleeve, having a stable combustion space formed therein, is mounted at a bottom of the top cap, and has a top communicated with the high-temperature ignition bar sleeve and the oxidant inlet, as well as a bottom communicated with the main combustion space. The secondary fuel inlet and a secondary oxidant inlet are communicated with the main combustion space. Supercritical hydrothermal combustion is realized to generate a hybrid thermal fluid or treat organic wastes.