A method for operating a combustion chamber is provided. The method includes introducing a fuel into the combustion chamber via a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle having an associated stoichiometry for an output end of the nozzle. The method further includes measuring the stoichiometry of each nozzle via one or more sensors to obtain stoichiometric data, and determining that at least one of a frequency and an amplitude of spectral line fluctuations derived from the stoichiometric data has exceeded a threshold. The method further includes adjusting the stoichiometry of at least one of the nozzles based at least in part on the stoichiometric data so as to maintain a flame stability of the combustion chamber.

A flame detector including an ultraviolet emitter configured to emit ultraviolet light at a strike voltage less than or equal to approximately 230 volts. A method of manufacturing an ultraviolet emitter for use in a flame detector, the ultraviolet emitter including a hermetically sealed, alkali rich, ultraviolet transmissive glass envelope, the method including: (a) wrapping an envelope exterior surface with a conductive material; (b) performing a first injection of at least one non-radioactive gas into the glass envelope at a first pressure; (c) applying a voltage bias to the glass envelope; (d) baking the hermetically sealed, alkali rich, ultraviolet transmissive glass envelope at a baking temperature for a baking duration of time; (e) cooling the hermetically sealed, alkali rich, ultraviolet transmissive glass envelope to a desired temperature; and (f) performing a second injection of at least one non-radioactive gas into the glass envelope at a second pressure.

A flame scanner includes a lens barrel assembly defining a generally hollow body having a first end and a second end, and an opening formed in the first end, a lens positioned adjacent to the second end, and a fiber optic cable receivable through the opening in the first end, the fiber optic cable having a distal end. A field of view of the flame scanner is selectively adjustable by varying a position of the distal end of the fiber optic cable with respect to the lens.

A flame detection device that uses a breakthrough voltage across a pair of electrodes located in a flame zone to detect the presence of a flame. The flame detection device may be used with a burner that is part of a furnace in a central heating system for a home or building. Unlike conventional flame detection devices that measure ionization current in a flame, the flame detection device detects a flame by determining the voltage required for a spark event across a spark gap located in a flame zone (also referred to as the breakthrough voltage), and evaluating the breakthrough voltage and/or its various characteristics to detect the presence or absence of a flame. According to one example, the flame detection device includes a power supply, an ignition unit, output wires, insulators, and electrodes.

A semiconductor device for flame detection, including: a semiconductor body having a first conductivity type conductivity, delimited by a front surface and forming a cathode region; an anode region having a second conductivity type conductivity, which extends within the semiconductor body, starting from the front surface, and forms, together with the cathode region, the junction of a photodiode that detect ultraviolet radiation emitted by the flames; a supporting dielectric region; and a sensitive region, which is arranged on the supporting dielectric region and varies its own resistance as a function of the infrared radiation emitted by the flames.

A gas stove having a temperature sensing function comprises a stove body, a temperature sensor and a gas controller. The stove body includes a burner assembly for heating a pot. The temperature sensor includes a thermopile sensor and a signal processor. The thermopile sensor senses infrared rays radiating from the pot and outputs a sensing signal. The signal processor is electrically connected with the thermopile sensor to process the sensing signal and outputs a control signal. The gas controller is electrically connected with the signal processor and adjusts a gas flow supplied to the burner assembly according to the control signal. The aforementioned gas stove senses the temperature of the pot with a non-contact manner.

A method is described for controlling a furnace containing a plurality of catalyst-containing tubes heated by a combustion gas generated by a plurality of burners, said method comprising the steps of: (i) measuring path-averaged combustion gas temperatures on multiple paths through the furnace using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, (ii) periodically measuring temperatures of surfaces within the furnace to obtain periodic surface temperature information, (iii) entering the path-averaged combustion gas temperatures and periodic surface temperature information into a computer model of the furnace, said model comprising parameters for controlling the furnace; and (iv) using the computer model and the temperature information to obtain optimised parameters for controlling the furnace. A system for performing the method is also described.

A flame detecting system capable of easily performing a deterioration diagnosis of a flame sensor without being provided with a shutter mechanism. The flame detecting system comprising a flame sensor to detect light, a calculating device, and a reference light source, in which the calculating device, by operations of a central processing unit CPU, is configured to execute a first mode at which the discharge probability in the flame sensor is measured when the reference light source is turned off and a second mode at which the discharge probability in the flame sensor is measured when the reference light source is turned on, and calculate a current discharge probability of the flame sensor from data obtained at the first mode and the second mode.

A sensor for determining an air ratio of a fuel gas/air mixture, wherein a housing is formed, which delimitates a measuring space. The housing has on one side a diffusion passage for coupling with a fuel gas/air mixture flow, wherein the diffusion passage is formed by a gas-permeable separating agent. An electrically operated excitation element is arranged for energy supply into the measuring space in order to induce a chemical reaction of a fuel gas/air mixture in the measuring space. At least one optical detection device is directed into the measuring space with its detection area, wherein the at least one optical detection device detects the intensity of radiation from the reaction position in at least a first wavelength range and produces a signal being allocated to the detected intensity, from which the air ratio is inferable.

Described embodiments include a system, method, and apparatus. The system includes a sensor device configured to measure an unburned fuel component in an exhaust stream generated by a gas-fueled combustion device. The system includes a combustion analysis circuit configured to generate a quality of combustion information responsive to the measured unburned fuel component. The system includes a user interface configured to display the quality of combustion information in a human perceivable format. In an embodiment, the system includes a combustion component controller configured to regulate an aspect of a combustion component delivered to the gas-fueled combustion device in response to the combustion management selection entered by a human user.