Described herein are photonic furnaces and methods of using the same to produce metal products from a precursor material.

Described herein are photonic furnaces and methods of using the same to produce metal products from a precursor material.

A refractory unit for lining a high temperature vessel includes a refractory body formed from a refractory material. The refractory body has an upper main surface, a lower main surface, an inner surface configurable to face a high temperature chamber, an outer surface configurable to face away from the high temperature chamber, a first side surface and a second side surface. An elastic member is attached to the outer surface.

Immunogenic compositions comprising hemagglutinin (HA) variants and/or neuraminidase (NA) variants, which may be contained in an influenza A virus, and uses thereof for eliciting immune responses against influenza A virus.

An electrode seal for use in a metallurgical furnace, the furnace comprising a furnace space heated by electrodes extending through an aperture into the furnace space. The electrode seal comprises at least three sets of shoes in consecutive lateral contact, each shoe having a biasing member for biasing a surface of the shoe toward one of the electrodes thereby allowing the one electrode to longitudinally move within the electrode seal while providing electrical insulation between the electrode and the aperture.

An electrode seal for use in a metallurgical furnace, the furnace comprising a furnace space heated by electrodes extending through an aperture into the furnace space. The electrode seal comprises at least three sets of shoes in consecutive lateral contact, each shoe having a biasing member for biasing a surface of the shoe toward one of the electrodes thereby allowing the one electrode to longitudinally move within the electrode seal while providing electrical insulation between the electrode and the aperture.

The present invention provides an electric furnace including: a furnace body; and a plurality of electrodes that are provided so as to hang down into the interior of the furnace body from a top section thereof. The raw material is heated and melted in the furnace body by energizing the electrodes and a molten material consisting of a slag and a metal is generated. The electric furnace is configured so that the overall heat transfer coefficient of a side wall of the furnace body is lower than the overall heat transfer coefficient of a side wall of the furnace body, the side wall coming into contact with a layer of the metal formed in a bottom layer, the side wall coming into contact with a layer of the slag formed in a top layer, and said layers being formed in the molten material due to gravity separation.

Described herein are photonic furnaces and methods of using the same to produce metal products from a precursor material.

Described herein are photonic furnaces and methods of using the same to produce metal products from a precursor material.

A hearth for a traveling hearth furnace for the production of pig iron grade nuggets, the hearth having a synthetic graphite material in direct contact with the process charge in producing a plurality of metallic iron nodules and slag. The process charge including iron containing oxide, a predetermined amount of a reductant and flux, which are carried into and through a reducing, melting and coalescing stages on the hearth, wherein resulting metallic iron nodules and slag are in direct contact with the synthetic graphite material and do not adhere to the synthetic graphite material of the hearth. The absence adherence and ease of removal minimizes any impurities in the pig iron grade nuggets and allows the hearth to be used more than one cycle without the need for any replenishment of the contact surface.