Disclosed is a technology based upon the nesting of tubes to provide chemical reactors or chemical reactors with built in heat exchanger. As a chemical reactor, the technology provides the ability to manage the temperature within a process flow for improved performance, control the location of reactions for corrosion control, or implement multiple process steps within the same piece of equipment. As a chemical reactor with built in heat exchanger, the technology can provide large surface areas per unit volume and large heat transfer coefficients. The technology can recover the thermal energy from the product flow to heat the reactant flow to the reactant temperature, significantly reducing the energy needs for accomplishment of a process.

Heat transfer between a fluid-bearing flexible tube and a heat-conducting surface is improved by fixing a flexible heat-conducting sheath to the flexible tube and by compressive fixing that distorts the tube and deforms the sheath and/or the surface. The tube can be made of cross-linked polythene (PEX). The sheath can be spirally wound high-purity aluminum wire. The sheath enables efficient heat transfer between the outer surface of the tube and the heat-conducting surface. Applications include radiant heating and cooling. Tube layout can be customized and variable tube spacing is possible, for example by using a castellated layer to support the tube.

A transport refrigeration unit (TRU) includes a compressor. The TRU further includes a condenser disposed downstream of the compressor. The TRU further includes an expansion device disposed downstream of the condenser. The TRU further includes a first flow control device disposed downstream of the condenser. The TRU further includes a first evaporator disposed downstream of the expansion device and the first flow control device. The first evaporator is disposed upstream of a second flow control device. The second evaporator is disposed downstream of the first flow control device, the expansion device, and the second flow control device. The second evaporator includes a thermal accumulator. The second flow control device disposed upstream of the compressor.

An exhaust gas recirculation cooler may include a housing having a coolant inlet opening into an inlet region and a coolant outlet, and a plurality of cooling tubes arranged in the housing next to one another to form a tube row, each cooling tube connecting an exhaust gas inlet and outlet. At least two tube rows with one arranged on top of another and spaced from each other may form a tube block. Exhaust gas may be flowable through an inside of each cooling tube, and a coolant flow may be able to be circulated outside of the cooling tubes within the housing and flowable through an annular space enclosing the tube block in a circumferential direction. A flow guide arrangement for guiding the coolant in the interior of the tube block may be arranged in the housing lying against at least portions of one of the tube rows.

Disclosed is a technology based upon the nesting of tubes to provide chemical reactors or chemical reactors with built in heat exchanger. As a chemical reactor, the technology provides the ability to manage the temperature within a process flow for improved performance, control the location of reactions for corrosion control, or implement multiple process steps within the same piece of equipment. As a chemical reactor with built in heat exchanger, the technology can provide large surface areas per unit volume and large heat transfer coefficients. The technology can recover the thermal energy from the product flow to heat the reactant flow to the reactant temperature, significantly reducing the energy needs for accomplishment of a process.

Disclosed is a technology based upon the nesting of tubes to provide chemical reactors or chemical reactors with built in heat exchanger. As a chemical reactor, the technology provides the ability to manage the temperature within a process flow for improved performance, control the location of reactions for corrosion control, or implement multiple process steps within the same piece of equipment. As a chemical reactor with built in heat exchanger, the technology can provide large surface areas per unit volume and large heat transfer coefficients. The technology can recover the thermal energy from the product flow to heat the reactant flow to the reactant temperature, significantly reducing the energy needs for accomplishment of a process.

A tubular heat exchanger includes a first flow path to receive a first fluid flow, wherein the first flow path is defined by a conduit, and a support structure with a plurality of support structure openings, wherein the support structure supports the first flow path, the plurality of support structure openings define a second flow path to receive a second fluid flow, and the first flow path is in thermal communication with the second flow path.

Disclosed is a technology based upon the nesting of tubes to provide chemical reactors or chemical reactors with built in heat exchanger. As a chemical reactor, the technology provides the ability to manage the temperature within a process flow for improved performance, control the location of reactions for corrosion control, or implement multiple process steps within the same piece of equipment. As a chemical reactor with built in heat exchanger, the technology can provide large surface areas per unit volume and large heat transfer coefficients. The technology can recover the thermal energy from the product flow to heat the reactant flow to the reactant temperature, significantly reducing the energy needs for accomplishment of a process.

A heat exchanger (100) and an air-conditioning system. The heat exchanger (100) comprises: a group of first heat exchange tubes (T1) for forming a first loop (C1); a group of second heat exchange tubes (T2) for forming a second loop (C2); and a group of fins (3), at least a plurality of fins (3) in the group of fins (3) being in contact with both at least a plurality of first heat exchange tubes (1) in the group of first heat exchange tubes (T1), and at least a plurality of second heat exchange tubes (T2) in the group of second heat exchange tubes (T2). If one loop of an air-conditioning system having two loops is closed, heat exchange regions of the fins for the loop can be used in the other loop, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat exchanger.

A heat exchanger for a motor vehicle includes first fluid lines of a flexible material, through which a first fluid (F.sub.1) flows, and a holding structure with holding elements. The first fluid lines and the holding elements form a woven structure. The holding elements are in a thread-like manner and extend along a second direction of extension (R.sub.2), at right angles to a first direction of extension (R.sub.1). The heat exchanger, through which a second fluid (F.sub.2) flows, is separated from the first fluid (F.sub.1). The woven structure includes a first and second partial woven structures and are formed separately. The first partial woven structure and the second partial structure are arranged so that the second fluid (F.sub.2) flows through the woven structure space, formed between the two partial woven structures. The first and the second partial woven structures are at an angle relative to one another.