A magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly includes a magneto-caloric cylinder with a plurality of magneto-caloric stages. Each of the plurality of magneto-caloric stages has a respective Currie temperature. The magneto-caloric cylinder has a length along an axial direction. The plurality of magneto-caloric stages is distributed along the length of the magneto-caloric cylinder. A plurality of thermal stages also has a length along the axial direction. The length of the plurality of thermal stages is less than the length of the magneto-caloric cylinder. The magneto-caloric cylinder is received within the plurality of thermal stages such that the magneto-caloric cylinder is movable along the axial direction relative to the plurality of thermal stages.

A heat exchanger includes a frame and a plurality of coil passes disposed within the frame. The plurality of coil passes is configured to direct a flow of a refrigerant therethrough to transfer heat with an air flow passing over the heat exchanger. The plurality of coil passes include a U-bend disposed between first and second linear portions of the plurality of coil passes to redirect the refrigerant from a first longitudinal end of the heat exchanger to a second longitudinal end of the heat exchanger. Additionally, a first plurality of fins is disposed on an outer surface the U-bend.

A method includes building a tubular object by a layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process. A structure integrally connected to the tubular object for supporting a portion of the tubular object is formed during building of the tubular object. The structure provides vibration dampening, heat shielding, heat transfer, stiffening, energy absorption, or mounting after the tubular object is built.

Vessel assemblies, heat transfer units for prefabricated vessels, and methods for heat transfer prefabricated vessel are provided. A heat transfer unit includes a central rod, and a plurality of peripheral rods surrounding the central rod and connected to the central rod. The plurality of peripheral rods are movable between a first collapsed position and a second bowed position, wherein in the second bowed position a midpoint of each of the plurality of peripheral rods is spaced from the central rod relative to in the first position. The heat transfer unit further includes a heat transfer element connected to one of the plurality of peripheral rods.

A tube-in-tube unified shell element heat exchanger including an outer tube structure with an interior surface including an augmentation structure, an end cap and a flow outlet; an inner tube structure including a tubular shaped inner body defining an internal flow area, the inner tube structure including surface features formed on the exterior of the inner tube structure; the inner tube structure including a top ring connected to the exterior proximate an inlet port of the inner tube structure; inner tube structure includes an outlet port opposite the inlet port; wherein the top ring of the inner tube structure is connected with a top section of the outer tube structure; and a gap formed between the outer tube structure and the inner tube structure, the gap fluidly coupled between the inlet port and the flow outlet.

A magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly includes a magneto-caloric cylinder with a plurality of magneto-caloric stages. A length of one of the plurality of magneto-caloric stages is different than a length of another of the plurality of magneto-caloric stages. Each of a plurality of thermal stages includes a plurality of magnets and a non-magnetic ring. The plurality of magnets is distributed along a circumferential direction within the non-magnetic ring in each of the plurality of thermal stages. The length of each of the plurality of thermal stages corresponds to a respective one of the plurality of magneto-caloric stages.

A magneto-caloric thermal diode assembly includes a magneto-caloric cylinder with a plurality of magneto-caloric stages. Each of the plurality of magneto-caloric stages has a respective Currie temperature. The magneto-caloric cylinder has a length along an axial direction. The plurality of magneto-caloric stages is distributed along the length of the magneto-caloric cylinder. A plurality of thermal stages also has a length along the axial direction. The length of the plurality of thermal stages is less than the length of the magneto-caloric cylinder. The magneto-caloric cylinder is received within the plurality of thermal stages such that the magneto-caloric cylinder is movable along the axial direction relative to the plurality of thermal stages.

A double-walled pipe includes an inner wall, which bounds a flowpath for a first fluid such as air, an outer wall radially spaced from the inner wall so that there is an annular gap between the inner wall and the outer wall; and walls extending in the annular gap between the inner wall and the outer wall, such that flow passages are formed in the annular gap, through which a temperature-controlled fluid can be circulated to control the temperature of the inner wall. The double-walled pipe is formed by an additive manufacturing process. The walls may be helical walls, defining helical flow passages.

An exhaust gas recirculation cooler may include a housing having a coolant inlet opening into an inlet region and a coolant outlet, and a plurality of cooling tubes arranged in the housing next to one another to form a tube row, each cooling tube connecting an exhaust gas inlet and outlet. At least two tube rows with one arranged on top of another and spaced from each other may form a tube block. Exhaust gas may be flowable through an inside of each cooling tube, and a coolant flow may be able to be circulated outside of the cooling tubes within the housing and flowable through an annular space enclosing the tube block in a circumferential direction. A flow guide arrangement for guiding the coolant in the interior of the tube block may be arranged in the housing lying against at least portions of one of the tube rows.

A system and method for a multistage condenser is described that reduces problems associated with temperature and pressure differential strains on tubes above and below a dead tube. Instead of connecting the dead tube to the I/O manifold, a physical separation is created. The physical separation can be created by shortening the dead tube, coring a portion of the I/O manifold where the dead tube is received, independent I/O manifolds, or other means.