A water heater includes an outer casing defining a longitudinal axis, an axial direction being defined as extending along the longitudinal axis. The water heater further includes a combustor for production of hot flue gases, a primary heat exchanger including a tube positioned within the outer casing, and a secondary heat exchanger including a plurality of plates coupled together by brazing to form a brazed plate heat exchanger. The secondary heat exchanger includes a first set of passages defined between the plates, and a second set of passages defined between the plates and alternating with the first set of passages in the axial direction. The primary and secondary heat exchangers are in fluid communication such that the flue gases flow through the second set of passages before being exhausted, and water to be heated flows through the first set of passages to a delivery point for use upon demand.

A method includes providing a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet, printing patterns of a plurality of obstructers, a plurality of channels, an evaporator channel, a condenser channel, and a connecting channel on the first metal sheet, bonding the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet to each other, separating the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet from each other to form the plurality of channels, the evaporator channel, the condenser channel, and the connecting channel by introducing a fluid between the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet, introducing working fluid in the plurality of channels, and sealing the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet.

A method includes providing a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet, printing patterns of a plurality of obstructers, a plurality of channels, an evaporator channel, a condenser channel, and a connecting channel on the first metal sheet, bonding the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet to each other, separating the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet from each other to form the plurality of channels, the evaporator channel, the condenser channel, and the connecting channel by introducing a fluid between the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet, introducing working fluid in the plurality of channels, and sealing the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet.

A heat exchanger element for use in a heat exchanger includes an outer wall formed into a tubular shape including a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is arranged parallel to and is spaced apart from the second portion. A plurality of fin structures extends between the first portion and the second portion of the outer wall. Each of the fin structures defines a flow channel configured to provide fluid communication between an outer surface of the first portion of the outer wall and an outer surface of the second portion of the outer wall. An interior of the outer wall is configured to receive a first fluid while an exterior of the outer wall and each of the flow channels defined by the fin structures are configured to receive a second fluid in heat exchange relationship with the first fluid.

Pierced thermal interface constructions including a thermal interface material (TIM) structure comprising: a TIM sheet comprising a plurality of piercings, where each of the plurality of piercings comprises a cavity and displaced material, and where the displaced material from each of the plurality of piercings protrudes away from the TIM sheet.

A plate heat exchanger includes a pack of superimposed heat exchanger plates, and has two cover plates mounted on the side portions of the first heat exchanger plate. The surface area of each of the two cover plates is smaller than half of the surface area of said first heat exchanger plate.

The invention relates to a heat exchanger plate (10) of a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger plate (10) comprising two faces (12, 13) extending between two lateral edges and two longitudinal edges (15) of said heat exchanger plate (10). The heat exchanger plate (10) comprises at least an opening (16) extending from a first face (12) to a second face (13) of the heat exchanger plate (10). The opening (16) is delimited by a collar (17) that is arranged around the opening (16). The heat exchanger plate (10) comprises at least a dimple (18) protruding above at least one of the faces (12, 13). Said dimple (18) comprises at least a flat area (19) and a slopped area (20), said slopped area (20) being interposed between the collar (17) and the flat area (19).

Plate (110) for a heat exchanger (100) between a first medium and a second medium, the plate comprising a first heat transfer surface (114) on a first side (113) of the plate, arranged to be in contact with the first medium; a second heat transfer surface (116) on a second side (115) of the plate, arranged to be in contact with the second medium; a plurality of indentations (120, 130, 140) in the plate (110; 210; 310), bulging out locally in a plate height direction (H), which plate is arranged to be stacked together with similar plates to form a heat exchanger heat plate stack. The invention is characterised in that the plate comprises a ridge-shaped indentation, arranged to form, together with a corresponding ridge-shaped indentation of an adjacent plate in said stack, a closed flow channel (105′, 105″) for the first medium with a general flow direction, in that the said closed channel comprises a floor (105a) and a ceiling (105b), as viewed in the height direction, and comprises a step (105c) in the height direction along said general flow direction by the said floor and said ceiling both being offset in same height direction.

Plate (710) for a heat exchanger between a first medium and a second medium, the plate being associated with a main plane (P) of extension and a height direction (H) perpendicular to said main plane, and comprising a first heat transfer surface (714) on a first side (713) of the plate, arranged to be in contact with the first medium flowing along said first side; a second heat transfer surface (716) on a second side (715) of the plate, arranged to be in contact with the second medium flowing along said second side; a plurality of indentations (720, 730, 740) in the plate, formed by the material of the plate bulging out locally in the said plate height direction, of which a plurality are bridge-shaped indentations (730) comprising two respective through-holes (732a) in the plate, as well as a respective bridge part (734) forming a passage (706,706) between the said through-holes, and wherein the passage has a general direction being substantially parallel to a general flow direction (D) of the second medium past the bridge-shaped indentation in question. The invention is characterised in that, for at least a plurality of the said bridge-shaped indentations, the shape of the respective bridge part, in a cross-section taken perpendicularly to both the main plane and to the said general direction of the passage in question, comprises a local minimum (737), so that the height of the bridge part, in said cross-section, first increases, then decreases to the said local minimum, and then again increases.

A heat pipe with a non-condensable gas includes a thermal conductor, and a working fluid and a non-condensable gas filled into a hollow chamber of the thermal conductor, and the thermal conductor has a heat-absorbing side attached to a heat-generating electronic component and an exothermal side attached to a radiator, and the exothermal side has at least one protrusion, and the exothermal side with the protrusion can reduce the contact area with the radiator, and the heat pipe lowers the conduction efficiency by the non-condensable gas and the protrusion, so as to achieve a work efficiency of the heat-generating electronic component in an operation within a working temperature range.