The invention relates to an insert element for inserting into a device for humidifying, cleaning and/or cooling a fluid, in particular a gas, such as, for example, air, said insert element comprising an insert body (10) which can be wetted with a liquid, in particular water, and through which a gas, in particular air, can flow and which has a flow inlet side and a flow outlet side and, between said sides, is provided with regions which can be wetted by the liquid and can be exposed to the fluid. The insert body (10) has a multi-layered design and has a number of undulated grid-type plate elements (12) which bear against one another, are limited by an edge (14, 16) and are provided with elevations and depressions. A film-type plate element (19, 19) is mounted between at least two adjacent grid plate elements (12). The film-type plate element (19, 19) is perforated.

A support beam for a cooling tower fill assembly includes a web, an upper flange, a lower flange, and a lip. The web has a serpentine shape so a lower end of the web is vertically offset relative to an upper end. The upper flange extends from a first side of the web at the upper end thereof. The lower flange has a first portion extending from the first side at the lower end thereof and a second portion extending from a second side at the lower end thereof. The lip extends upwardly from the second portion so the lip cooperates with the second portion and a portion of the web to form a longitudinal channel. The lip and the second portion are provided with a plurality of spaced apart notches.

Evaporative media pads for direct evaporative cooling systems and, in particular, evaporative media pads that have a reduced internal spacing to increase cooling capacity. In one embodiment, an evaporative media pad includes a plurality of sheets, each of the plurality of sheets including a plurality of flutes, each of the plurality of flutes having a flute height of at most 4.5 mm. In one embodiment, the flute height is at most 4 mm.

The present application provides a method of evaluating media effectiveness in a gas turbine engine. The method may include the steps of receiving a baseline media effectiveness rating, receiving a media replacement cost, receiving a number of operating parameters from a number of sensors, based at least in part on the operating parameters and the baseline media effectiveness rating, determining a media effectiveness model, based at least in part of the media effectiveness model, determining a loss in evaporative benefit cost over time, determining a time t when the loss in evaporative benefit cost exceeds the media replacement cost, and scheduling media replacement at time t.

A water redistribution system for adiabatically pre-cooled dry coolers having stacked adiabatic panels, the water redistribution system located between upper and lower adiabatic panels and having a plurality of alternating baffles arranged to reduce water free-fall height and resultant splashing. Upwardly turned flanges at the top of each baffle inhibit the travel of water out of the interior water channel.

A fill sheet and a fill pack manufactured from a plurality of fill sheets for cooling a cooling medium in a cooling tower, each fill sheet having a plurality of flutes extending diagonally from top to bottom of the fill sheet, the diagonal orientation of the flutes resulting from a plurality of alternating longer diagonal flute segments and shorter vertical flute segments, each of the plurality of flutes having the microstructure comprising a plurality of alternating rounded mounds and rounded depressions extending between flat ridge edges and flat valley edges of said flutes.

In various embodiments, the present invention relates to heat dissipation systems including a hygroscopic working fluid and methods of using the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method for heat dissipation using a hygroscopic working fluid. The method can include transferring thermal energy from a heated process fluid to the hygroscopic working fluid in a process heat exchanger, to form a cooled process fluid. The method can include condensing liquid from a feed gas on a heat transfer surface of a feed gas heat exchanger in contact with the cooled process fluid, to form a cooled feed gas, the heated process fluid, and a condensate. The method can include dissipating thermal energy from the hygroscopic working fluid to a cooling gas composition with a fluid-air contactor. The method can include transferring moisture between the hygroscopic working fluid and the cooling gas composition with the fluid-air contactor. The method can include adding at least part of the condensate to the hygroscopic working fluid.

A heat exchanger for a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R) system includes a shell having an inlet configured to receive refrigerant and an outlet configured to output the refrigerant. The heat exchanger also includes a refrigerant distributor disposed within the shell, and multiple evaporating tubes disposed within the shell and positioned below the refrigerant distributor. The refrigerant distributor includes a perforated plate having multiple holes, each hole extends from a top surface of the perforated plate to a bottom surface of the perforated plate, and a center point of each hole is substantially aligned with a centerline of a respective evaporating tube.

A heat exchanger apparatus includes at least one metal sheet with a corrugated surface, fabric covering at least a part of one surface of the at least one metal sheet to promote evaporation, and a wetting agent in the fabric to promote wetting of the fabric, the wetting agent also acting as an anti-microbial agent.

The present application provides a method of evaluating media effectiveness in a gas turbine engine. The method may include the steps of receiving a baseline media effectiveness rating, receiving a media replacement cost, receiving a number of operating parameters from a number of sensors, based at least in part on the operating parameters and the baseline media effectiveness rating, determining a media effectiveness model, based at least in part of the media effectiveness model, determining a loss in evaporative benefit cost over time, determining a time t when the loss in evaporative benefit cost exceeds the media replacement cost, and scheduling media replacement at time t.