A method of operating an internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber and an actuator disposed therein being arranged to drive an output shaft of the engine, the method comprising: 5 (i) injecting a water containing fuel into the combustion chamber, (ii) flash boiling the water-containing fuel to form water vapour within the combustion chamber, (iii) thermolyzing the water vapour to form hydrogen gas and oxygen gas; and (iv) combusting the hydrogen gas to drive the actuator within the combustion chamber to 10 thereby drive the connected output shaft of the combustion engine.

Various methods and systems are provided for indexing an injector map and subsequently controlling fuel injection to an engine. In one embodiment, a method for the engine includes injecting fuel via activating an injector for a determined activation time, the activation time determined based on a commanded fuel value and a function of a modified pressure difference across an orifice of a nozzle of the injector, where the modified pressure difference is based on a difference between a rail pressure and peak cylinder pressure, the peak cylinder pressure scaled by a function of engine speed and injection timing and the pressure difference offset by a correction factor.

A method and a system for controlling combustion of a natural gas engine. The method includes: determining, based on a current operation parameter of a natural gas engine, an operation state of the natural gas engine, and calculating a total injection quantity of natural gas and pilot diesel required by the natural gas engine in the operation state; adopting a direct injection diffusion-combustion mode in a case that the operation state is an idle state or a low load state; adopting a natural gas homogeneous hybrid active control compression-ignition mode in a case that the operation state is a medium load state; configuring the total injection quantity into three parts including a compression-ignition natural gas injection quantity, a pilot diesel injection quantity, and a diffusion-combustion natural gas injection quantity in a case that the operation state is a high load state, and sequentially injecting them into a combustion chamber.

A controller for an internal combustion engine is configured to operate the engine at a desired output power and at a desired air/fuel ratio provided in the cylinder, the desired air/fuel ratio depending on an amount of air, the primary fuel, and the secondary fuel provided to the cylinder selectively; gradually increase a power output of the engine during a transient event from an initial power output, to an intermediate power output, and then to a final power output; during the transient event, simultaneously with the power output increase, increase the amount of the primary fuel and the secondary fuel to produce a rich air/fuel ratio in the cylinder.

Methods and systems are provided for a multi-fuel engine. In one example, a method includes operating engines of rail vehicles at a desired substitution ratio to recharge an energy storage device of a rail vehicle operating in an all-electric mode to meet a requested total power.

A multi-port injection system for injecting fluid into a plurality of fluid injection ports during a plurality of fluid injection cycles. The system provides highly accurate measurement of the volume of fluid injected into each injection port during each fluid injection cycle. The system generally includes a fluid holding tank, measuring tubes, a pump, a plurality of port valves coupled to the fluid injection ports, a fluid return valve, volume sensors, and a control unit. During a fluid injection cycle the control unit causes a portion of fluid to be pumped from a measuring tube to a port valve. After each fluid injection cycle, the control unit causes the fluid return valve to return the portion of fluid that was not injected to the measuring tube before the volume of fluid injected is measured.

A fuel system for an internal combustion engine includes a nozzle, a fuel pump, a spill valve assembly, and a pumping control unit. The spill valve assembly includes a first spill valve and a second spill valve fluidly in parallel between a plunger cavity in the fuel pump and a low pressure space. A pumping control unit commands closing of the first spill valve and then the second spill valve to adjust the spill valve assembly to start pressurization in the fuel pump, and commands opening the first spill valve to end pressurization in the fuel pump. A pumping duration is determined based on a timing of the commanded closing of the second spill valve and a timing of the commanded opening of the first spill valve.

A controller for an internal combustion engine is configured to operate the engine at a desired output power and at a desired air/fuel ratio provided in the cylinder, the desired air/fuel ratio depending on an amount of air, the primary fuel, and the secondary fuel provided to the cylinder selectively; gradually increase a power output of the engine during a transient event from an initial power output, to an intermediate power output, and then to a final power output; during the transient event, simultaneously with the power output increase, increase the amount of the primary fuel and the secondary fuel to produce a rich air/fuel ratio in the cylinder.

A gas engine is disclosed. The gas engine may include a combustion cylinder. The combustion cylinder may include an intake with an intake valve. The combustion cylinder may include an exhaust with an exhaust valve. The gas engine may include a gas admission valve assembly coupled to the intake. The gas admission assembly may include a trimmable electro-hydraulically actuatable gas admission valve to control a gas flow into the intake.

A method of controlling a dual fuel engine system includes adjusting a phasing control parameter such as air-fuel ratio (AFR), based on a phasing signal to limit an error in a phasing of combustion of gaseous fuel. The cylinder is switched to a dual fuel liquid pilot-ignited mode by commanding direct injection of an early pilot shot of liquid fuel, based on the adjustment to the phasing control parameter, and production of a spark to ignite gaseous fuel in the cylinder. Switching the cylinder to the dual fuel liquid pilot-ignited mode is completed by commanding direct injection of an early pilot shot and a second pilot shot of liquid fuel to ignite gaseous fuel in response to combustion of the early and second pilot shots in the cylinder.