A supplemental fuel system includes a supplemental fuel tank, an electronic valve, a temperature sensor, and a controller. The supplemental fuel tank is configured to store a supplemental fuel configured to supplement a primary fuel used by an engine. The electronic valve is configured to be positioned between the supplemental fuel tank and an air supply system for the engine. The temperature sensor is configured to acquire temperature data regarding a temperature of the engine. The controller is configured to control the electronic valve such that the electronic valve is (i) closed to prevent the supplemental fuel from being provided to the air supply system in response to the temperature being less than a temperature threshold and (ii) open or openable to permit the supplemental fuel to be provided to the air supply system in response to the temperature being greater than the temperature threshold.

A fuel separation system includes a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; and a heat exchanger fluidly coupled between a fuel input of the fuel stream and the fuel separator, the heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the vapor stream to the fuel stream, and output a heated fuel stream to the fuel separator and a second liquid stream defined by the first auto-ignition characteristic value.

A supplemental fuel system includes a supplemental fuel tank, an electronic lock off valve, a temperature sensor, and a controller. The supplemental fuel tank is configured to store a supplemental fuel. The supplemental fuel is configured to supplement a primary fuel used by an engine. The electronic lock off valve is configured to be positioned between the supplemental fuel tank and an air supply system for the engine. The temperature sensor is configured to acquire temperature data regarding a temperature of exhaust gas output by the engine. The controller is configured to control the electronic lock off valve such that the electronic lock off valve is (i) closed in response to the temperature being greater than a temperature threshold and (ii) open or openable in response to the temperature being less than the temperature threshold.

Disclosed is a valve needle for a needle valve of a slurry fuel injector valve, the valve needle comprising: a tip for abutting a needle valve seat of the needle valve; a sealing portion for location in a bore of the needle valve; and a fuel chamber portion between the tip and the sealing portion, wherein the fuel chamber portion is for location in a needle fuel chamber of the needle valve; wherein a surface of the sealing portion of the valve needle comprises at least one groove and wherein at least part of the or each groove extends in a direction that is non-perpendicular to an axial direction of the valve needle.

A multi-fuel engine includes an engine operable on a liquid fuel and first and second gaseous fuels. The multi-fuel engine also includes a liquid cutoff solenoid selectively operable between open and closed positions to allow and inhibit a flow of the liquid fuel to the engine and at least one gaseous cutoff valve selectively operable between open and closed positions to allow and inhibit a flow of the first and second gaseous fuels to the engine. A jet block couples the first gaseous fuel source and the second gaseous fuel source to a carburetor connected to an intake of the engine, with the jet block being located downstream from the at least one gaseous cutoff valve. The jet block includes a first gaseous fuel jet to meter the first gaseous fuel to the carburetor and a second gaseous fuel jet to meter the second gaseous fuel to the carburetor.

A fuel supply valve for a slurry fuel injector valve, the fuel supply valve comprising: a fuel inlet for fluid communication with a slurry fuel reservoir; a fuel outlet for fluid communication with a nozzle of the fuel injector valve; a pump chamber port for fluid communication with a pump chamber of the fuel injector valve; and a valve gate moveable between a first position, at which the fuel inlet is in fluid communication along a first slurry fuel flow path with the pump chamber port, and a second position, at which the fuel outlet is in fluid communication along a second slurry fuel flow path with the pump chamber port; wherein the valve gate is operable with a valve actuation liquid from an engine.

Disclosed is a slurry fuel injector valve, comprising: a fuel outlet valve through which slurry fuel is able to exit the slurry fuel injector valve towards a combustion chamber of an engine; a pump cavity; a pump element that divides the pump cavity into a pump chamber and an actuation chamber; a fuel conduit through which slurry fuel is flowable from the pump chamber to the fuel outlet valve; and an actuation fluid conduit through which actuation fluid is flowable from the actuation chamber to the fuel outlet valve.

A system for exchanging of different fuels that can be used for operation of an engine. The system includes a fuel exchange unit, a control and an exchange return conduit. The fuel exchange unit is configured to deliver a first fuel at pressure into the injections system given a switched-off engine, in order to replace a second fuel, which is located in the injection system, with the first fuel. A fuel delivery system includes a media converter which includes a deflectable element. The media converter is driven by a drive unit via the fluid by way of the fluid being able to be led at a varying pressure to the media transformer via a first feed conduit, and is configured to deliver the fuel via a pumping effect.

A pressure regulating module for regulating the pressure of a first fluid using a reference pressure of a second fluid. A pressure transfer assembly including a piston slidably disposed within a cylinder bore between a control fluid chamber and a reference fluid chamber is dimensioned to provide a predefined radial clearance between at least a portion of the outer side wall and the inner circumferential surface of the housing along a predefined axial length of the main body. The predefined radial clearance and predefined axial length are dimensioned to control the flow rate and amount of fluid along one or more fluid communication passages formed between at least a portion of the piston and the housing inner circumferential surface from one or more high pressure fluid zones to a lower pressure fluid zone which can include a leak and/or weep orifice directing fluid to a drain and/or vent circuit.

A method for controlling an internal combustion engine whereby, in a piston-cylinder unit provided with a prechamber, the quantity of propellant gas supplied to the prechamber is adjusted to regulate the operating characteristics of an inlet and/or outlet valve of the piston-cylinder unit.