An engine operable in a premixed combustion system and a diffusion combustion system. The engine includes a main fuel injection valve, a pilot fuel injection valve, a liquid fuel tank, a main fuel supply path, a pilot fuel supply path, a pilot fuel filter, a pilot fuel high-pressure pump, a pilot fuel tank, and a pilot fuel supply pump. The pilot fuel tank stores pilot fuel sent from the pilot fuel high-pressure pump and not injected by the pilot fuel injection valve. This pilot fuel is sent to an automatic backwash filter and a pilot fuel filter while not passing through the liquid fuel tank.

Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.

A fuel separation system includes a fuel separator configured to receive a fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, based on a volatility of the fuel stream, into a vapor stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and a first liquid stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value, the second auto-ignition characteristic value greater than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; and a control system communicably coupled to the fuel separator and operable to receive an input from an engine, the input including an engine operating condition, the control system configured to adjust an operating parameter of the fuel separator, based at least in part on the engine operating condition, to vary at least one of the first or second auto-ignition characteristic values.

Disclosed is a compression ignition engine including a first fuel supply supplying naphtha, a second fuel supply supplying diesel fuel, an EGR gas recirculation portion recirculating exhaust gas back to a combustion chamber, and a controller controlling these components. The controller determines whether an engine body is operated in a low load region or a high load region. In the low load region, the controller outputs a control signal to the first fuel supply so that at least naphtha is supplied, and outputs a control signal to the EGR gas recirculation portion such that an EGR rate becomes higher than that when the engine is operated in the high load region to make an air-fuel ratio fall within a range of 14.5 to 15.0.

An engine system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include an engine including a plurality of cylinders; a fuel separator separating into a low-octane fuel and a high-octane fuel based on an octane number; a cylinder deactivation device deactivating some cylinders among the plurality of cylinder based on a driving region; a low-octane fuel injector injecting the low-octane fuel separated by the fuel separator into the plurality of cylinder; a high-octane fuel injector injecting the high-octane fuel separated by the fuel separator into the activated cylinders without being deactivated by the cylinder deactivation device; and a controller configured to control the cylinder deactivation device to deactivate some cylinders or activate all the cylinders, and to control the low-octane fuel injector and the high-octane fuel injector to inject the low-octane fuel or the high-octane fuel into the cylinders.

An engine/reformer system accepts a first fuel and reforms it into syngas for use as a fuel in an accompanying internal combustion engine. Prior to reforming, the first fuel is pressurized and/or heated to at or near supercritical fluid conditions, such that the resulting syngas leaves the reformer in a supercritical fluid state. Injection of the supercritical syngas into an engine cylinder avoids the autoignition problems that occur when gaseous syngas is used. The first fuel is a fully self-reforming fuel (one that needs no separate water supply for complete conversion to syngas), and can beneficially be a wet fuel, such as ethanol containing water, allowing the system to use intermediate products of an ethanol production process (such as hydrous ethanol and stillage wastewater) as fuel, and reducing the overall cost of fuel production and engine operation.

A compression ignition engine includes an engine body, a first fuel supply for supplying a first fuel, a second fuel supply for supplying a second fuel, and a controller for outputting a signal to each of the first and second fuel supplies. The second fuel less easily vaporizes than the first fuel, and has a pressure and temperature at which compression ignition is initiated and at least one of which is lower than that of the first fuel. The controller outputs a signal to the first fuel supply such that a weight of the supplied first fuel is larger than that of the supplied second fuel, and thereafter, outputs a signal to the second fuel supply such that the second fuel is supplied to a combustion chamber. A formed air-fuel mixture is compressed and ignited.

The present invention discloses an ammonia-hydrogen fusion fuel diffusion combustion control system based on reactivity regulation, comprising an on-board ammonia-hydrogen fuel supply system, an ammonia-hydrogen fusion fuel diffusion combustion engine and an ECU; the ECU is used to control the intensity of a precombustion chamber jet flame, control the reactivity of a hydrogen-air mixture in a main combustion chamber and control the injection time of an ammonia ejector, thus to form diffusion combustion in the main combustion chamber; the on-board ammonia-hydrogen fuel supply system comprises a low-pressure ammonia fuel supply unit and an on-board hydrogen production unit, and is used to provide prepared low-pressure ammonia fuel and hydrogen for the ammonia-hydrogen fusion fuel diffusion combustion engine; before the formation of the precombustion chamber jet flame, hydrogen regulated by the ECU is firstly injected into the main combustion chamber by a first hydrogen ejector, and then the injection time of the ammonia ejector is controlled by the ECU to be slightly earlier than or synchronous with the formation of the precombustion chamber jet flame, so that ammonia fuel injected into the main combustion chamber is in a state of burning while injecting, thus to form diffusion combustion in the main combustion chamber.

Disclosed is an ammonia-hydrogen blended fuel control system based on reactivity regulation. The control system comprises a vehicle-mounted ammonia-hydrogen fuel supply system, an ammonia-hydrogen blended fuel premixed combustion engine and an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The ECU is used for regulating the air injection amount and pressure value of ammonia fuel and hydrogen waiting to enter the ammonia-hydrogen blended fuel premixed combustion engine. The vehicle-mounted ammonia-hydrogen fuel supply system comprises a low-pressure liquid ammonia supply unit and a vehicle-mounted hydrogen production unit, and is used for providing the prepared low-pressure ammonia fuel and hydrogen for the ammonia-hydrogen blended fuel premixed combustion engine. The ammonia-hydrogen blended fuel premixed combustion engine comprises a turbulent jet ignition device provided with a pre-chamber. An ammonia injector and a first hydrogen injector which face the cylinder head are respectively arranged on the air inlet pipe.

Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.