A boost power supply may be constructed of a number of smaller switching power supplies, each switching power supply providing a respective portion of a combined output current provided by the boost power supply to a load. A different respective control signal may be provided to each switching power supply to regulate the respective portion of the combined output current provided by the switching power supply. Each different respective control signal may be provided to the corresponding switching power supply out of phase with respect to each other different respective control signal to prevent the combined output current from exceeding a specified threshold current value.

A charging circuit for a bootstrap capacitor comprises a P MOSFET having a body diode and an N channel power MOSFET also having a body diode. The drain of the P MOSFET is coupled to the source of the N channel power MOSFET, and the source of the P MOSFET receives current from a vehicle's battery. The gate of the P MOSFET receives a control signal for turning the P MOSFET either on or off and the drain of the N channel power MOSFET is connected to a bootstrap capacitor The P MOSFET's body diode prevents current flow from the battery to the bootstrap capacitor when the P MOSFET is turned off and the N MOSFET's body diode prevents current flow from the bootstrap capacitor to the battery when the N MOSFET is turned off. The use of a power MOSFET device with its low ON resistance ensures that the capacitor is charged to a sufficiently high voltage even under low battery conditions.

A boost-control valve in a turbocharger system can be configured to update a wastegate status. The wastegate can discharge exhaust gases from a turbine chamber in the turbocharger, for example based on a pressure detected in a compressor chamber of the turbocharger. In an example, a processor circuit can be coupled to an OEM ECU, and can receive a first control signal from an OEM ECU. The first control signal can include a PWM signal having a first frequency and a first duty cycle. The processor circuit can generate a second control signal for controlling the boost-control valve. The second control signal can have the same first duty cycle and a different second frequency. In an example, the different second frequency is greater than the first frequency. In an example, the second control signal includes a DC signal having a variable amplitude.

A method for operating an internal combustion engine using a gas mixture that is supplied to the fossil fuel in the engine combustion chamber in addition to the combustion air and is produced by the electrolysis of water includes measuring a quantity of air drawn into the intake tract of the engine in accordance with a particular engine operating mode. The method further includes directly supplying, to the combustion air per unit of volume of combustion air, a same, limited quantity of Brown's gas that acts as an additive, that is produced by means of an electrolyzer operated using a pulsating current, and that contains energy-enriched, gaseous water molecules. The percentage of the gas molecules present in the fuel during the combustion process is limited.

The objective of the present invention is to correct deviation in the injection amount and changes in the injection timing when the voltage of a high-voltage source for a drive device decreases. This drive device for a fuel injection device is equipped with a function whereby, when the pulse width of the injection pulse is set to an energization time 815 that closes a valve after a drive current has been switched to a maintenance current, the injection pulse width when the voltage of a high-voltage source has decreased is corrected so as to be longer than the injection pulse width when the voltage of the high-voltage source has not decreased, and, when the pulse width of the injection pulse is set to an energization time 804 that closes the valve before the drive current has been switched to the maintenance current, the absolute value of the amount of correction of the injection pulse width is made smaller than when the injection pulse width is set to the energization time 815 that closes the valve after the drive current has been switched to the maintenance current.

A method, control system, and variable valve timing system are provided for controlling an actuator that can be switched into an on state and an off state with pulse width modulation. The systems and method include controls configured to determine an actual system parameter on a first time schedule and a desired system parameter on a second time schedule. On a third time schedule, a position error difference between the actual system parameter and the desired system parameter is determined. The third time schedule is configured to begin and to determine the position error difference each time that the actual system parameter is determined and each time that the desired system parameter is determined. A desired duty cycle is determined, and a duty cycle command is sent to a pulse width modulation output unit.

Systems and methods are provided for providing redundant pulse-width modulation (PWM) throttle control. The system includes a manual throttle controller configured to generate a manual PWM throttle control signal, and an automated throttle control system. The automated throttle control system includes a plurality of automated throttle controllers, each of which being configured to independently control a throttle of a vehicle, and each including a processor configured to generate and output an automated PWM throttle control signal, a first double pole double throw (DPDT) relay that, when engaged, is configured to receive and output the manual PWM throttle control signal, and a second DPDT relay, configured to receive and output the automated PWM throttle control signal to an engine, when the second DPDT relay is engaged; and receive and output the manual PWM throttle control signal to the engine, when the DPDT relay is disengaged.

Various embodiments of the teachings herein include a method for controlling a cam using an ECU (electronic control unit) comprising: learning a holding region in which linearity is not ensured by increasing or decreasing a PWM signal while the cam maintains a holding state; based on the results of the learning, generating a final PWM signal; and transmitting the final PWM signal to an oil control valve. The final PWM signal comprises a sum of a minimum PWM signal for the cam to leave the holding region and a control PWM signal for the cam to reach a desired position.

An intake air heating system for a vehicle includes an electrical switching device configured to selectively connect a battery of the vehicle to a heater coil in contact with intake air of the vehicle. The intake air heating system includes a control circuit configured to, in response to an enable signal from an engine controller, drive the electrical switching device to connect the battery to the heater coil at full current. The control circuit is configured to measure a resistance of the heater coil indicative of a temperature of the heater coil. The control circuit is configured to, in response to the temperature of the heater coil exceeding a desired temperature value, modulate the electrical switching device to reduce current from the battery of the vehicle to the heater coil.

A control unit (2) for a fuel injector (3) comprising a solenoid actuator (31) having an armature (33), the control unit configured to drive a current through an electromagnet coil (34) of the solenoid actuator in a voltage mode during at least a portion of an injection cycle.