Described herein is a process for designing a virtual sensor that is able to estimate a variable of interest v as a function of a set of available variables u.sub.i. The process comprises the steps of: acquiring (1002) a design data-set D.sub.d comprising a number N of measured values v(ti) of the variable of interest v and corresponding measured values i(ti) of the available variables u.sub.i; determining a limit on the disturbances of the available variables u.sub.i and a limit on the errors of the method of measurement of the variable of interest v; selecting (1004) a Lipschitz function * with a respective Lipschitz constant , which is able to estimate the variable of interest v(t) as a function of a number n of past values of each available variable u.sub.i, by executing the following steps one or more times for different numbers n: a) determining a value for the Lipschitz constant y; b) defining (1006) a maximum limit (r(t)) and a minimum limit (r(t)) for the estimate of the variable of interest v as a function of the design data-set D.sub.d, and moreover the number n, the value for the Lipschitz constant y, the limit on the disturbances of the available variables u.sub.i, and the limit on the errors of the method of measurement of the variable of interest v, and choosing a Lipschitz function * comprised between the maximum limit (r(t)) and the minimum limit (r(t)); c) determining (1008) an estimation error *(*) for the Lipschitz function * and selecting the Lipschitz function *, associated to which is a respective Lipschitz constant y* and a respective number n*, that presents the minimum estimation error *(*(y*, n*)); and implementing (1012) the selected Lipschitz function * in an electronic circuit.

A state quantity estimating device is configured to: calculate a total enthalpy given to the air by the impeller, an adiabatic compression efficiency of the compressor, and a diffuser outlet flow speed; allocate, to an internal energy and a pressure energy, a value obtained by subtracting a kinetic energy based on the diffuser outlet flow speed from the total enthalpy, based on the adiabatic compression efficiency; and calculate a compression temperature of air flowing into the outlet surface, using an operational equation that includes, as variables, the internal energy, and an inlet temperature of air prior to being compressed by the impeller, and calculate a compression pressure of the air flowing into the outlet surface, using an operational equation that includes, as variables, the pressure energy, and an inlet pressure of the air prior to being compressed by the impeller.

An engine system incorporating an engine, one or more sensors, and a controller. The controller may be connected to the one or more sensors and the engine. The one or more sensors may be configured to sense one or more parameters related to operation of the engine. The controller may incorporate an air-path state estimator configured to estimate one or more air-path state parameters in the engine based on values of one or more parameters sensed by the sensors. The controller may have an on-line and an off-line portion, where the on-line portion may incorporate the air-path state estimator and the off-line portion may configure and/or calibrate a model for the air-path state estimator.

The present disclosure relates to improvements in turbocharger efficiency and more particularly to a method and system for estimating the efficiency loss of a turbocharger. The method comprises the steps of monitoring a plurality of operating parameters and determining a compressor exit temperature according to a first calibration map based on these operating parameters. An estimate of instantaneous turbocharger efficiency loss according to a second calibration map is then determined, based on the compressor exit temperature. The instantaneous turbocharger efficiency loss is used to determine an estimate of cumulative turbocharger efficiency loss during engine service. The estimate of cumulative turbocharger efficiency loss is compared with a first predetermined efficiency loss threshold and a first signal is generated if the first predetermined efficiency loss threshold is exceeded.

An engine system incorporating an engine, one or more sensors, and a controller. The controller may be connected to the one or more sensors and the engine. The one or more sensors may be configured to sense one or more parameters related to operation of the engine. The controller may incorporate an air-path state estimator configured to estimate one or more air-path state parameters in the engine based on values of one or more parameters sensed by the sensors. The controller may have an on-line and an off-line portion, where the on-line portion may incorporate the air-path state estimator and the off-line portion may configure and/or calibrate a model for the air-path state estimator.

The control device controls an internal combustion engine comprising a fuel injector 31. The control device comprises an injection control part controlling fuel injection from the fuel injector. The injection control part controls the fuel injections so as to perform a plurality of pre-injections and a main injection and so that the pre-injected fuel is burned by compression self-ignition after the start of main injection. The injection control part controls the fuel injector so as to perform the pre-injections and main injection at basic injection timings during steady operation, and performs correction control so as to correct the injection timings from the basic injection timings during transient operation. In correction control, the larger a crank angle from TDC of the injection timings of the different injections before correction, the greater the amounts of correction of the injection timings of the injections.

A valve control device controls an opening degree of a valve provided in an intake passage, an exhaust passage, or a passage connected one of these and includes an observed value acquisition unit, an inlet temperature acquisition unit, a target calculation unit, an equilibrium opening degree calculation unit, an observer, a correction opening degree calculation unit, an instruction opening degree calculation unit, and an output unit. The target calculation unit calculates an equilibrium state value and a target property value. The correction opening degree calculation unit calculates a correction opening degree by multiplying a gain matrix by a deviation vector including, a deviation between the equilibrium state value and the estimated state value and an integrated value of a deviation between the target property value and the estimated property value.

It is an object to suppress turbo lag, while suppressing a decrease in torque in an acceleration-transient state to a supercharged state, occurring owing to a rise in required load. In a prescribed steady state, an engine compression ratio m and ignition timing Tm are set so as to achieve a maximum thermal efficiency. In contrast, in a transient state from a non-supercharged state to a supercharged state, occurring owing to a rise in required load, the engine compression ratio is corrected to a higher compression ratio h and concurrently the ignition timing is corrected to a retarded timing value Th, in comparison with the engine compression ratio m and the ignition timing Tm during steady-state operation for the same load, thereby increasing exhaust energy due to a reduction in cooling loss and consequently suppressing a delay of response to a rise in supercharging pressure.

A vehicle traveling control method includes starting, when a predetermined condition is satisfied, inertial traveling during which a vehicle travels while stopping fuel supply to an engine of the vehicle, measuring, from a start of the inertial traveling, a temperature decrease amount occurring in a heat exchanger for heating a cabin of the vehicle with heat generated by the engine, and stopping the inertial traveling when the temperature decrease amount is greater than a threshold.

A method to determine a status of a motor vehicle includes collecting a first output signal data from at least one device which is outputting the signal data related to a first plurality of operational parameters and a first plurality of environmental parameters of the motor vehicle. The method further includes identifying patterns within the first output signal data, analyzing the patterns within the first output signal data; and generating a second output signal data defining a second plurality of operational parameters distinct from the first operational parameters.