An internal combustion engine comprising at least a crank case, which houses a cylinder, and a cylinder head, which is adapted to be coupled to the crank case, and a liquid cooling circuit, wherein the liquid cooling circuit comprises at least one inlet aperture and at least one outlet aperture, a lower cooling chamber housed in said cylinder head in a position adjacent to a flame deck of said cylinder head; an upper cooling chamber housed in said cylinder head above said lower chamber, so that said lower chamber is sandwiched between said upper chamber and said flame deck; wherein said inlet aperture is provided in said upper or lower chamber and said outlet aperture is provided in said lower or upper chamber, on a same side of the internal combustion engine, so that the cooling liquid runs in a substantially U-shaped path moving between said upper chamber and said lower chamber, transversely relative to a crankshaft of said engine.

Methods and systems are provided for a turbine integrally formed with a cylinder head. In one example, a system includes a cylinder head and a turbine shaped from a single, continuous piece of metal.

Methods and systems are provided for a turbine integrally formed with a cylinder head. In one example, a system includes a cylinder head and a turbine shaped from a single, continuous piece of metal.

A cylinder head assembly includes a cylinder head casting, and an injector sleeve within an injector bore in the cylinder head casting. The injector sleeve includes a first sleeve end, and an injector clamping surface formed by an inner sleeve surface adjacent to a cylindrical second sleeve end. The injector sleeve further includes a sleeve clamping surface in contact with an upward facing middle deck surface of the cylinder head casting, and a reaction wall extending between the injector clamping surface and the sleeve clamping surface to transfer an injector clamping load to the upward facing middle deck surface.

A cylinder head assembly includes a cylinder head casting, and an injector sleeve within an injector bore in the cylinder head casting. The injector sleeve includes a first sleeve end, and an injector clamping surface formed by an inner sleeve surface adjacent to a cylindrical second sleeve end. The injector sleeve further includes a sleeve clamping surface in contact with an upward facing middle deck surface of the cylinder head casting, and a reaction wall extending between the injector clamping surface and the sleeve clamping surface to transfer an injector clamping load to the upward facing middle deck surface.

A cylinder head with integrated exhaust manifold includes a cylinder head housing, an exhaust manifold, and first, second and third water jackets. The cylinder head housing has a combustion chamber formed in a bottom surface thereof and an internal receiving space. The exhaust manifold is received in the space of the cylinder head housing and is connected to exhaust ports of the cylinder head housing. The first water jacket is received in the space of the cylinder head housing and disposed adjacent to the combustion chamber. The second water jacket is received in the space of the cylinder head housing and disposed to contact a bottom of the exhaust manifold. The third water jacket is received in the space of the cylinder head housing and disposed to contact a top of the exhaust manifold.

A cylinder head with integrated exhaust manifold includes a cylinder head housing, an exhaust manifold, and first, second and third water jackets. The cylinder head housing has a combustion chamber formed in a bottom surface thereof and an internal receiving space. The exhaust manifold is received in the space of the cylinder head housing and is connected to exhaust ports of the cylinder head housing. The first water jacket is received in the space of the cylinder head housing and disposed adjacent to the combustion chamber. The second water jacket is received in the space of the cylinder head housing and disposed to contact a bottom of the exhaust manifold. The third water jacket is received in the space of the cylinder head housing and disposed to contact a top of the exhaust manifold.

A thermal insulator for a cylinder bore wall section having a shape conforming to a shape of the groove-like coolant passage in a setting position of the thermal insulator, in which each of the bore wall insulating sections includes a rubber member, a rear surface pressing member, and elastic members, a coolant passage opening through which coolant flowing on a rear surface side of the supporting section passes to flow to an inner side of the supporting section is formed on at least one place of upper portions of supporting section inter-bore portions, the supporting section has a guide wall formed in a vicinity of the coolant passage opening, and has an inclined wall formed on the rear surface side of the supporting section bore portion, and only a center or a vicinity of the center in an arc direction of each of the bore wall insulating sections is fixed to the supporting section.

A thermal insulator for a cylinder bore wall section having a shape conforming to a shape of the groove-like coolant passage in a setting position of the thermal insulator, in which each of the bore wall insulating sections includes a rubber member, a rear surface pressing member, and elastic members, a coolant passage opening through which coolant flowing on a rear surface side of the supporting section passes to flow to an inner side of the supporting section is formed on at least one place of upper portions of supporting section inter-bore portions, the supporting section has a guide wall formed in a vicinity of the coolant passage opening, and has an inclined wall formed on the rear surface side of the supporting section bore portion, and only a center or a vicinity of the center in an arc direction of each of the bore wall insulating sections is fixed to the supporting section.

A pre-chamber assembly of an internal combustion engine comprises a pre-chamber housing and a plurality of nozzles extending through a portion of the pre-chamber housing. The plurality of nozzles are directed to one location.