In certain embodiments, Lube Oil Controlled Ignition (LOCI) Engine Combustion overcomes the drawbacks of known combustion technologies. First, lubricating oil is already part of any combustion engine; hence, there is no need to carry a secondary fuel and to have to depend on an additional fuel system as in the case of dual-fuel technologies. Second, the ignition and the start of combustion rely on the controlled autoignition of the lubricating oil preventing the occurrence of abnormal combustion as experienced with the Spark Ignition technology. Third, LOCI combustion is characterized by the traveling of a premixed flame; hence, it has a controllable duration resulting in a wide engine load-speed window unlike the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition technology where the engine load-speed window is narrow. Adaptive Intake Valve Closure may be used to control in-cylinder compression temperature to be high enough to realize the consistent auto ignition of the lubricating oil mist.

A split cycle internal combustion engine includes a combustion cylinder accommodating a combustion piston and a compression cylinder accommodating a compression piston. The engine also includes a controller arranged to receive an indication of a parameter associated with the combustion cylinder and/or a fluid associated therewith and to control an exhaust valve of the combustion cylinder in dependence on the indicated parameter to cause the exhaust valve to close during the return stroke of the combustion piston, before the combustion piston has reached its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is less than a target value for the parameter; and close on completion of the return stroke of the combustion piston, as the combustion piston reaches its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is equal to or greater than the target value for the parameter.

An engine system includes a first cylinder including a first piston, a second cylinder including a second piston, and a fuel injector fluidly connected to the first cylinder. The first cylinder is a combustion cylinder, and the second cylinder is an expansion cylinder. The second cylinder is fluidly connected to the first cylinder when the first piston is in at least one position in the first cylinder. The fuel injector is configured to deliver hydrogen gas to the first cylinder.

Method for operating a hydrogen fuelled combustion engine 1 comprising the steps of providing an internal combustion engine 1 having at least one cylinder 2 and a piston 3 supported at a crankshaft 5 for repeated reciprocal movement in the cylinder 2 so as to define a main combustion chamber 21, the internal combustion engine 1 further having an ignition device 4 arranged in said cylinder 2 with an igniter portion 42 and a hydrogen fuel injector 43 which are both arranged at a pre-chamber 41, wherein the pre-chamber 41 has a plurality of orifices 44 for providing fluid communication between said pre-chamber 41 and the main combustion chamber 21; and operating the engine in cycles comprising the following steps: introducing hydrogen fuel in the pre-chamber 41; introducing hydrogen fuel in the main combustion chamber 21; and igniting the introduced hydrogen fuel in the pre-chamber 41 for combusting the introduced hydrogen fuel in the main combustion chamber 21.

The invention relates to a method for operating a gas engine having at least one combustion chamber, in particular for a motor vehicle, wherein a gaseous fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber in order to operate the gas engine, the gaseous fuel being injected directly into the combustion chamber within a working cycle of the gas engine during at least two phases spaced apart from each other in time, the at least two phases beginning and ending before the first ignition occurring within the working cycle.

Methods and systems are provided for a ducted fuel injector. In one example, the ducted fuel injector comprises a plurality of passages, with at least one of the passages configured to receive an oxygen poor gas from a reservoir or an adjacent cylinder to decrease a likelihood of pre-ignition in the duct.

System for adapting an internal combustion engine to be powered by gaseous fuel in gas phase and by gaseous fuel, an internal combustion engine arrangement comprising the system and a method for adapting an internal combustion liquid fuel engine to be powered by gaseous fuel in gas phase and gaseous fuel in liquid phase.

A split cycle internal combustion engine includes a combustion cylinder accommodating a combustion piston and a compression cylinder accommodating a compression piston. The engine also includes a controller arranged to receive an indication of a parameter associated with the combustion cylinder and/or a fluid associated therewith and to control an exhaust valve of the combustion cylinder in dependence on the indicated parameter to cause the exhaust valve to close during the return stroke of the combustion piston, before the combustion piston has reached its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is less than a target value for the parameter; and close on completion of the return stroke of the combustion piston, as the combustion piston reaches its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is equal to or greater than the target value for the parameter.

The invention relates to a fuel injector (1), comprising: a pre-chamber (17) within the injector, a high-pressure injector part (3) for discharging combustible gas, which high-pressure injector part has a nozzle unit (5) and a reciprocating nozzle valve element (7), a nozzle-side end section of which is accommodated in a high-pressure chamber (11) of the high-pressure injector part (3), a pre-chamber assembly (39), within the framework of which the high-pressure chamber (11) of the high-pressure injector part (3) is separated over a nozzle-side end section, the high-pressure chamber being surrounded by the pre-chamber (17).

In certain embodiments, Lube Oil Controlled Ignition (LOCI) Engine Combustion overcomes the drawbacks of known combustion technologies. First, lubricating oil is already part of any combustion engine; hence, there is no need to carry a secondary fuel and to have to depend on an additional fuel system as in the case of dual-fuel technologies. Second, the ignition and the start of combustion rely on the controlled autoignition of the lubricating oil preventing the occurrence of abnormal combustion as experienced with the Spark Ignition technology. Third, LOCI combustion is characterized by the traveling of a premixed flame; hence, it has a controllable duration resulting in a wide engine load-speed window unlike the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition technology where the engine load-speed window is narrow. Adaptive Intake Valve Closure may be used to control in-cylinder compression temperature to be high enough to realize the consistent auto ignition of the lubricating oil mist.