An injection nozzle that for a first fuel in a first mode and in a second mode ignition fluid for a second fuel is introduced. The injection nozzle includes an injection nozzle body with first and second injection orifices and a displaceable injection nozzle needle in the injection nozzle body. The first injection orifices have smaller injection orifice cross-sections than the second injection orifices and are arranged at a defined distance. In a first displacement direction for closing the orifices the first injection orifices are located in front of the second injection orifices and seen in a second displacement direction of the injection nozzle needle for the opening or unblocking of the orifices, the first injection orifices are located behind the second injection orifices.

A diesel engine includes a cylinder, a cylinder head, a fuel injection valve, and a piston. The piston has a cavity recessed so as to be capable of receiving fuel injected from the fuel injection valve when the piston is positioned at a top dead center, and a notch formed by recessing a part of a circumferential edge of an opening of the cavity radially outward. The notch inclines radially inward at an angle of 0 to 50 relative to a center axis of the cylinder from a piston crown surface toward an inner circumferential wall surface.

Apparatuses, methods, and systems for fuel injection are disclosed. The apparatus includes an inner sac with at least one spray hole disposed on an inner surface of the apparatus, the at least one spray hole leading to a fuel passage extending therefrom, at least one counterbore extending partially between an outer surface of the apparatus and the sac along the fuel passage, and at least one air entrainment hole extending from the outer surface of the apparatus toward the at least one counterbore, the at least one air entrainment hole fluidly coupled with the at least one counterbore and configured to provide air to the fuel passage.

A fuel injector, comprising a nozzle body having a proximal end and a distal end, an upper row of nozzle holes being equally spaced about a first circumference of the nozzle body, and a lower row of nozzle holes located between the distal end and the upper row of nozzle holes, wherein the upper row has a first number of holes that is greater than a second number of holes in the lower row and wherein one of the first number of holes and the second number of holes is odd.

A fuel injector includes a fuel inlet; a fuel injector body; an outlet body having an upstream surface, a downstream surface, and an outlet aperture fluidly connecting the upstream surface to the downstream surface; and a valve assembly which controls flow through the outlet aperture. The outlet body includes a 2-dimensional matrix of cells on the downstream surface and includes a perimeter having a finder pattern and a timing pattern and also includes a field of unpopulated and populated cells within the perimeter which represent bits of data. The 2-dimensional matrix of cells orients the outlet body relative to the fuel injector body.

A fuel injector assembly in one embodiment includes a nozzle, at least one needle, and at least one actuator. The nozzle includes at least one cavity in fluid communication with nozzle openings. The at least one needle is movably disposed within the at least one cavity, and prevents flow through the nozzle openings in a closed position. The at least one actuator is configured to move the at least one needle within the cavity. The at least one actuator is configured to move the at least one needle to at least a first fuel delivery configuration and a second fuel delivery configuration. A first amount of fuel is delivered through the nozzle openings with the at least one needle in the first fuel delivery configuration, and a second amount of fuel is delivered through the nozzle openings with the at least one needle in the second fuel delivery configuration.

A fuel and gas mixing structure for an engine is provided. This mixing structure includes a body configured to be positioned between a fuel injector and a cylinder of an engine. The body defines an interior volume that is configured to receive gas from outside the body and to receive one or more streams of fuel from the fuel injector in the interior volume. The body also defines one or more mixture conduits configured to conduct plumes of the fuel and gas, while mixing, from the interior volume to one or more exit ports and therethrough to the cylinder.

Methods and systems are provided for moving an injector needle of a fuel injector assembly from a first position to a second position to provide a first fuel injection at the first position, and moving the needle from the second position to the third position to provide a second fuel injection at the third position, and moving the needle back to the first position via the second position, and providing a third fuel injection at the second position. In this way, three fuel injections may be performed during a single actuation cycle of the injector during a single combustion cycle.

When it is determined that the initial combustion is unstable, the engine speed is forcibly increased. When the engine speed is forcibly increased, fluidity in the cylinder increases. When the fluidity in the cylinder rises, homogeneity of the homogeneous air-fuel mixture is improved. Therefore, it is possible to enlarge the flame kernel. When the flame kernel is enlarged, the initial flame resulting from the flame kernel is also enlarged. Then, the initial flame becomes easy to involve the closest fuel spray thereby the initial combustion can be stabilized.

A fuel injector assembly in one embodiment includes a nozzle, at least one needle, and at least one actuator. The nozzle includes at least one cavity in fluid communication with nozzle openings. The at least one needle is movably disposed within the at least one cavity, and prevents flow through the nozzle openings in a closed position. The at least one actuator is configured to move the at least one needle within the cavity. The at least one actuator is configured to move the at least one needle to at least a first fuel delivery configuration and a second fuel delivery configuration. A first amount of fuel is delivered through the nozzle openings with the at least one needle in the first fuel delivery configuration, and a second amount of fuel is delivered through the nozzle openings with the at least one needle in the second fuel delivery configuration.