Nozzle and a method of making the same are disclosed. The method includes (a) providing a microstructured mold pattern defining at least a portion of a mold and comprising a plurality of replica nozzle holes and replica planar control cavities; (b) molding a first material into a nozzle forming microstructured pattern using the microstructured mold pattern, with the nozzle forming microstructured pattern comprising a plurality of nozzle hole forming features and planar control cavity forming features; (c) forming a second material into a nozzle pre-form using the nozzle forming microstructured pattern, with the nozzle pre-form comprising a plurality of nozzle pre-form holes and sacrificial planar control cavities; and (d) forming a nozzle from the nozzle pre-form, said forming the nozzle comprising removing enough of the second material to remove the sacrificial planar control cavities so as to form a top surface of the nozzle pre-form into a planar top surface of the nozzle, and to form each of the nozzle pre-form holes into a nozzle through hole.

An injection hole of a fuel injector includes: an inner hole section extending from an inner surface of a bottom wall of an injector tip obliquely away from a first side relative to a normal line of the inner surface to define a first inner side wall surface on the first side forming an obtuse angle with the inner surface and a second inner side wall surface on a second side opposite to the first side forming an acute angle with the inner surface; a middle hole section including a first middle side wall surface extending obliquely from the first inner side wall surface toward the first side; and an outer hole section including a first outer side wall surface extending obliquely from the first middle side wall surface toward the first side. A recess is formed on a radially outer side of an inner end of the inner hole section.

A ducted combustion system is disclosed. The ducted combustion system includes a combustion chamber bound by a flame deck surface of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and by a piston top surface of a piston disposed within the internal combustion engine. The system includes a fuel injector including one or more orifices, the one or more orifices injecting fuel into the combustion chamber as at least one fuel jet. The system includes at least one duct disposed within the combustion chamber between the flame deck surface and the piston top surface, the at least one duct including one or more structural tabs proximate to an outlet of the at least one duct and being disposed such that the at least one fuel jet, at least partially, enters one of the at least one duct upon being injected into the combustion chamber.

A drive device capable of detecting individual variations of an injection quantity of a fuel injection device of each cylinder and adjusting a current waveform provided to an injection pulse width and a solenoid such that the individual variations of the fuel injection devices are reduced. The fuel injection device in the present invention includes a valve body that close a fuel passage by coming into contact with a valve seat and opens the fuel passage by separating from the valve seat and a magnetic circuit constructed of a solenoid, a fixed core, a nozzle holder a housing and a needle and when a current is supplied to the solenoid a magnetic suction force acts on the needle and the needle has a function to open the valve body by colliding against the valve body after performing a free running operation and changes of acceleration of the needle due to collision of the needle against the valve body are detected by a current flowing through the solenoid.

Among all combinations of two injection holes, in a combination in which when the injection holes are offset such that their central axes are coincident with each other in inlet openings, an inter-injection hole angle formed by the central axes is minimized, the inter-injection hole angle between the two injection holes is represented as amin[deg], taper angles, which are formed by the respective contours of the injection hole inner walls in the cross sections along the virtual planes including the central axes of the two injection holes that allow the inter-injection hole angle to be minimized, are represented as a1 and a2[deg], and when fuel is injected from the injection holes, average pressure of the fuel in the fuel passage is represented as P[Mpa], and the injection holes are formed so as to satisfy a relationship: amina1+a2+0.5P.sup.0.6

A spark-ignition direct fuel injection valve includes, at least, a seat member provided with a fuel injection hole and a valve seat and a valve body which controls fuel injection from the injection hole by contacting and separating from the valve seat. In the spark-ignition direct fuel injection valve: the injection hole has an injection hole inlet which is open inwardly of the seat member and an injection hole outlet which is open outwardly of the seat member; an opening edge of the injection hole inlet has a first round-chamfered portion formed on an upstream side with respect to a fuel flow toward the injection hole inlet; and an extending length (L) of the injection hole does not exceed three times a hole diameter (D) of the injection hole.

A throttle portion is defined between an upper end of a sac chamber and a conical portion of a needle to have a throttle opening area S1. Half of an area surrounded by the throttle portion, the needle, an inner wall of the sac chamber, and a lower end extended line in a cross section of the sac chamber taken along a sac center line is an injection hole upstream area S2. A lift amount, when the throttle opening area S1 is equal to an area which is calculated by multiplying an injection hole area S3 by the number of the injection holes, is a predetermined lift amount L. A viscosity coefficient of fuel is . An index value Sa, which is calculated in accordance with an equation as below, is set to 0.5 or greater.

[00001]$S_a=\frac{}{2}.Math.{}_{h=0}^{h=L}.Math.{\left(\frac{S_1}{S_2-S_1}\right)}^2.Math..Math.\mathrm{dh}$

In a fuel injection valve having a nozzle hole plate wherein a nozzle hole is formed, the nozzle hole is formed with a flow path cross-section having an oval shape that has long axes and short axes, and the nozzle hole is formed having a tapered shape in which a flow path sectional area becomes larger from an entry-side open end portion toward an exit-side open end portion. The nozzle hole is formed such that a second angle that is an intersecting angle of opposing nozzle hole inner wall surface portions in an oblique section along the short axes of the entry-side open end portion and the exit-side open end portion, is greater than a first angle that is an intersecting angle of opposing nozzle hole inner wall surface portions in a longitudinal section along the long axes of the entry-side open end portion and the exit-side open end portion.

A method for producing a nozzle body for a fluid injection valve includes supplying a nozzle body blank having a nozzle body tip and introducing a nozzle body recess into the nozzle body blank, starting from a first axial end, and thereby forming a wall. The method furthermore includes supplying geometry data of at least one injection hole to be provided, with an inner opening and an outer opening, and determining a height of a blind hole step of a blind hole to be formed, in a manner dependent on a predefined fluid penetration. The method furthermore includes adapting a part of the shape of an inner surface of the wall and thereby forming the blind hole with the blind hole step of the determined height and introducing the at least one injection hole with the supplied geometry data, so that the at least one injection hole penetrates the wall.

An injection hole of a fuel injector includes: an inner hole section extending from an inner surface of a bottom wall of an injector tip obliquely away from a first side relative to a normal line of the inner surface to define a first inner side wall surface on the first side forming an obtuse angle with the inner surface and a second inner side wall surface on a second side opposite to the first side forming an acute angle with the inner surface; a middle hole section including a first middle side wall surface extending obliquely from the first inner side wall surface toward the first side; and an outer hole section including a first outer side wall surface extending obliquely from the first middle side wall surface toward the first side. A recess is formed on a radially outer side of an inner end of the inner hole section.