The hydraulic machine comprises: —a fixed part, —a part mounted so as to rotate about an axis (O-O) with respect to the fixed part, —a stack (50) of discs (53, 54) forming a brake or clutch, the discs being able to be in abutment against one another by way of friction surfaces (88) having a mean friction radius (Rf) with respect to the axis, —a push rod (80) that is able to push the discs into abutment against one another, in a direction parallel to the axis, over a thrust surface (4), the thrust surface having a mean thrust radius (Rp) with respect to the axis which extends to within or beyond the mean friction radius (Rf). The push rod (80) has a radial annular notch (90) indenting the push rod from an opposite side of the push rod from the axis (O-O) when the mean thrust radius (Rp) extends beyond the mean friction radius (Rf), and otherwise from the side of the push rod closest to the axis.

The present application relates to crushable body in the form of a corrugated thin walled tube e.g. for use in a piston assembly for engaging two selectively engageable parts. The piston assembly has a housing defining a piston cylinder and a piston. The assembly also has a piston stroke limiter. The piston stroke limiter is configured to limit the length of a return stroke of the piston from an extended stroke position and a retracted stroke position. A crushable body in the form of a corrugated thin walled tube acts between the piston and the piston stroke limiter and is arranged to reduce in axial length when a length of an extended stroke exceeds a length of a retraction stroke to maintain the length of the return stroke.

An axle assembly for a vehicle comprising an axle housing and a brake assembly coupled to the axle housing. In certain embodiments, the axle housing is configured to receive an interchangeable brake assembly. The brake assembly may comprise a housing having a first chamber and a second chamber, a brake mechanism and a first piston disposed in the first chamber, and a second piston disposed in the second chamber. The first piston may be configured to selectively activate the brake mechanism. The second piston may be disposed in the second chamber adjacent a biasing mechanism having at least one pre-compressed biasing element, wherein the second piston may be configured to selectively activate the brake mechanism.

An axle assembly for a vehicle comprising an axle housing and a brake assembly coupled to the axle housing. In certain embodiments, the axle housing is configured to receive an interchangeable brake assembly. The brake assembly may comprise a housing having a first chamber and a second chamber, a brake mechanism and a first piston disposed in the first chamber, and a second piston disposed in the second chamber. The first piston may be configured to selectively activate the brake mechanism. The second piston may be disposed in the second chamber adjacent a biasing mechanism having at least one pre-compressed biasing element, wherein the second piston may be configured to selectively activate the brake mechanism.

The bulldozer has a right first oil channel, a right second oil channel, and a right third oil channel. The right first oil channel guides a portion of the lubricating oil discharged by a hydraulic pump to a right steering brake. The right second first oil channel guides a portion of the lubricating oil discharged by the hydraulic pump to a right planetary gear mechanism. The right third oil channel guides at least a portion of the lubricating oil that has passed through the right planetary gear mechanism to a right steering brake. At least a portion of the planetary gear mechanism is disposed further inside than the right steering brake in a radial direction perpendicular to the center axis of an input shaft.

A vehicle transmission includes a transmission shaft, a friction element assembly mounted on the transmission shaft, a piston assembly for actuating the friction element assembly, a snap ring for retaining the friction element assembly and a mounting groove formed in the transmission shaft. The snap ring is installed into the mounting groove by expanding the snap ring and then allowing the snap to contract and enter the mounting groove. The mounting groove is located such that the snap ring could exit the mounting groove upon expansion of the snap ring due to a centrifugal force. Accordingly, various arrangements are provided to prevent the snap ring from leaving the mounting groove after installation.

A vehicle transmission includes a transmission shaft, a friction element assembly mounted on the transmission shaft, a piston assembly for actuating the friction element assembly, a snap ring for retaining the friction element assembly and a mounting groove formed in the transmission shaft. The snap ring is installed into the mounting groove by expanding the snap ring and then allowing the snap to contract and enter the mounting groove. The mounting groove is located such that the snap ring could exit the mounting groove upon expansion of the snap ring due to a centrifugal force. Accordingly, various arrangements are provided to prevent the snap ring from leaving the mounting groove after installation.

A friction drive arrangement includes a plurality of interleaved rotor and stator discs. An end stator disc is adjacent a reaction plate containing a plurality of cylindrical, stepped bores defining spring receptacles opening toward the end stator disc and pin guide holes opening in an opposite direction. Each receptacle contains a coil compression spring located between a bottom of the receptacle and a spring retention pin having a first end section reciprocably received in the guide hole and having a second end section defined by a large diameter foot located between an end of the spring and the end stator disc, with the foot being configured for directly engaging the end stator disc. A tool is used to retract the pins and associated springs into the associated receptacles so as to retain the springs during assembly. Excess retraction of the pins is prevented for preventing over-compression of the springs.

A heat shield assembly for a wheel is disclosed. The heat shield assembly includes a heat shield having a pair of heat shield ends. A bifurcated seam mounting bracket includes a first bracket section that is fixed relative one of the heat shield ends, along with a second bracket section that is fixed relative to the other of the heat shield ends. The second bracket section may be directly mounted to the heat shield. A seam clasp section may be directly mounted to both the heat shield and the first bracket section such that the first bracket section is indirectly mounted to the heat shield.

A disc brake apparatus structured such that, on receiving a pressing force from an operating spring, a piston arranged within a cylinder formed in a caliper body presses a piston side pad. The disc brake apparatus includes a support part formed in a part of the caliper body, a reaction force receiver provided on and projected from the lateral side of the piston and opposed to the support part, and cam parts interposed between the support part and the reaction force receiver and, on receiving a rotation force, capable of spreading the distance between the support part and the reaction force receiver to thereby release the pressing force.