A bicycle controller includes an electronic control unit that controls a transmission device. The transmission device is configured to change a ratio of a rotational speed of a wheel of a bicycle to a rotational speed of a crank of the bicycle, and a motor. The motor transmits torque to an upstream side of the transmission device in a transmission path of manual driving force that is input to the crank. The electronic control unit is configured to switch between a first mode that drives the motor in accordance with the manual driving force and a second mode that allows the motor to be driven to assist walking of the bicycle. The electronic control unit is configured to control a rotational speed of the motor in accordance with the ratio in the second mode.

A belt-type continuously variable transmission includes a primary pulley, a secondary pulley, and a belt wound around the primary pulley and the secondary pulley. A controller performs a process, when performing a low speed position return shift to shift a transmission ratio toward a lowermost speed position while a vehicle is decelerating. The process includes: calculating a primary pressure actual lower limit, at which the belt actually starts to slip, based on the transmission ratio and a deceleration of the vehicle; setting a lower limit of a setpoint of the primary pressure to the primary pressure actual lower limit; setting the primary pressure actual lower limit higher with a locking tendency of a vehicle wheel detected than that without the locking tendency detected; and setting the primary pressure actual lower limit with the locking tendency detected to increase as the transmission ratio varies toward the lowermost speed position.

A power unit includes a prime mover and a belt continuously variable transmission. The belt continuously variable transmission includes a drive pulley, a driven pulley, a belt wound around the drive pulley and the driven pulley, and a housing forming an accommodation space in which the belt is disposed. The belt continuously variable transmission changes a speed of rotation produced by drive power output from the prime mover. The power unit further includes a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of the belt or a temperature corresponding to the temperature of the belt.

A CVT acceleration control method applied to a CVT-mounted vehicle including an accelerator position sensor, a vehicle speed sensor, a driving pulley rotation sensor and a driven pulley rotation sensor that is configured to detect a rotation speed of a driven pulley and to output a corresponding signal, a CVT operation portion and a controller, the CVT acceleration control method, may include determining, by the controller, whether a current vehicle driving state satisfies a predetermined starting control condition, monitoring, by the controller, a current driving pulley rotation speed change, determining, by the controller, whether the current vehicle driving state satisfies a predetermined trigger condition, setting, by the controller, a target driving pulley rotation speed change, and controlling, by the controller, the operation of the CVT operation portion such that the current driving pulley rotation speed change converges to the target driving pulley rotation speed change.

A control apparatus for a continuously variable transmission includes a primary-pulley clamping force acquiring unit that acquires a clamping force of a primary pulley, a secondary-pulley clamping force acquiring unit that acquires a clamping force of a secondary pulley, an input torque acquiring unit that acquires a torque applied to the primary pulley, a transmission ratio acquiring unit that acquires a transmission ratio, a learning value acquiring unit, and a controller. When a learning condition is satisfied, the learning value acquiring unit decreases the clamping force of the secondary pulley while the transmission ratio and the input torque are kept substantially constant, and acquires, as a learning value, the clamping force of the secondary pulley at which a clamping force ratio is maximum. The controller adjusts a target clamping force of the secondary pulley on the basis of the learning value.

A method controls a continuously variable transmission including: an oil pump disposed in an oil passage between a primary oil chamber and a secondary oil chamber to control a flow of oil from the secondary oil chamber to the primary oil chamber; and an oil supply source to supply oil to the secondary oil chamber, and the method includes: calculating a secondary hydraulic-pressure command value based on a required primary hydraulic pressure that is a pressure in the primary oil chamber required to transmit an input torque to an output side; and controlling the oil supply source in accordance with the secondary hydraulic-pressure command value.

A utility vehicle comprises a traveling driving power source which generates rotational driving power for driving a drive wheel; a continuously variable transmission including an input shaft to which the rotational driving power transmitted from the traveling driving power source is input, an output shaft which outputs the rotational driving power toward the drive wheel, a drive pulley provided at the input shaft, a driven pulley provided at the output shaft, and a belt wrapped around the drive pulley and the driven pulley; a clutch which is disposed in a driving power transmission path at a location that is between the belt and the drive wheel and is capable of disconnecting the driving power transmission path; and a clutch actuator which operates the clutch.

A system is disclosed. The system may include a first hydraulic variator including a first hydraulic pump and a first hydraulic motor. A first actuator may be linked to the first hydraulic pump. The first actuator may be associated with a feedback link configured to control pressure supplied to the first actuator, via a control valve, according to the displacement of the first hydraulic pump. The system may include a second hydraulic variator including a second hydraulic pump and a second hydraulic motor. A second actuator may be linked to the second hydraulic pump and configured to control a pressure within the second hydraulic variator to correspond to a pressure within the first hydraulic variator. The system may include a controller configured to provide a first signal to the first hydraulic variator relating to a speed and a second signal to the second hydraulic variator relating to a torque.

A bicycle controller includes an electronic control unit that controls a transmission device. The transmission device is configured to change a ratio of a rotational speed of a wheel of a bicycle to a rotational speed of a crank of the bicycle, and a motor. The motor transmits torque to an upstream side of the transmission device in a transmission path of manual driving force that is input to the crank. The electronic control unit is configured to switch between a first mode that drives the motor in accordance with the manual driving force and a second mode that allows the motor to be driven to assist walking of the bicycle. The electronic control unit is configured to control a rotational speed of the motor in accordance with the ratio in the second mode.

A utility vehicle comprises a traveling driving power source which generates rotational driving power for driving a drive wheel; a continuously variable transmission including an input shaft to which the rotational driving power transmitted from the traveling driving power source is input, an output shaft which outputs the rotational driving power toward the drive wheel, a drive pulley provided at the input shaft, a driven pulley provided at the output shaft, and a belt wrapped around the drive pulley and the driven pulley; a clutch which is disposed in a driving power transmission path at a location that is between the belt and the drive wheel and is capable of disconnecting the driving power transmission path; and a clutch actuator which operates the clutch.