The present disclosure provides compositions including food products having reduced sugar content and methods of making the same. The compositions provided herein may be amorphous and may include one or more components that provide a dietary or nutritional benefit.

The present disclosure provides compositions including food products having reduced sugar content and methods of making the same. The compositions provided herein may be amorphous and may include one or more components that provide a dietary or nutritional benefit.

Compositions and methods for producing elevated blood levels of ketone bodies and modifying metabolic function in a mammal. Compositions include at least one ester of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate and/or a mono- or di-ester of S-1,3-butanediol and at least one ketone body component. The ketone body component includes beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, or both. The beta-hydroxybutyrate is R-beta-hydroxybutyrate, S-beta-hydroxybutyrate, or both. When the ketone body component is S-beta-hydroxybutyrate, the 1,3-butanediol is R-1,3-butanediol, S-1,3-butanediol, or both. Compositions may comprise a keto stack of multiple forms of ketone bodies.

Compositions for delivering ketone bodies to a subject include one or more beta-hydroxybutyrate salts, one or more acetoacetate salts, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and optionally acetoacetic acid. The compositions may optionally include one or more ketone body esters, such as one or more beta-hydroxybutyrate esters and/or one or more acetoacetate esters. An example composition contains about 2% to about 98% on a molar basis of the one or more beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and the one or more acetoacetate salts, about 2% to about 98% on a molar basis of the beta-hydroxybutyrate free acid and optionally the acetoacetate free acid, and optionally about 2% to about 98% on a molar basis of one or more ketone body esters.

Beta-hydroxybutyric acid compositions for oral delivery are substantially free of beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and are effective in rapidly raising blood ketone levels without causing acute acidosis or gastrointestinal (GI) distress when consumed in sufficiently dilute form and/or as a gel or suspension. By excluding beta-hydroxybutyrate salts (e.g., less than 1% by weight) containing alkali or alkaline earth metal ions, beta-hydroxybutyric acid solutions, gels, or suspensions can deliver exogenous ketone bodies without significantly altering electrolyte balance. Although aqueous beta-hydroxybutyric acid solutions are moderately acidic with a pH of about 3.5 to 4, when diluted with sufficient water, the water acts as a pseudo buffering agent that offsets otherwise harsh acidic effects when consumed orally. Gels and suspensions can also ameliorate acidic effects by partially encapsulating the beta-hydroxybutyric acid. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid can be enriched with the R- or the S-enantiomer, a racemic mixture, pure R-beta-hydroxybutyric acid, or pure S-beta-hydroxybutyric acid.

Beta-hydroxybutyric acid compositions for oral delivery are substantially free of beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and are effective in rapidly raising blood ketone levels without causing acute acidosis or gastrointestinal (GI) distress when consumed in sufficiently dilute form and/or as a gel or suspension. By excluding beta-hydroxybutyrate salts (e.g., less than 1% by weight) containing alkali or alkaline earth metal ions, beta-hydroxybutyric acid solutions, gels, or suspensions can deliver exogenous ketone bodies without significantly altering electrolyte balance. Although aqueous beta-hydroxybutyric acid solutions are moderately acidic with a pH of about 3.5 to 4, when diluted with sufficient water, the water acts as a pseudo buffering agent that offsets otherwise harsh acidic effects when consumed orally. Gels and suspensions can also ameliorate acidic effects by partially encapsulating the beta-hydroxybutyric acid. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid can be enriched with the R- or the S-enantiomer, a racemic mixture, pure R-beta-hydroxybutyric acid, or pure S-beta-hydroxybutyric acid.

Beta-hydroxybutyrate compositions include a mixture of optically pure S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and acid(s) or non-racemic mixture of beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and acid(s) enriched with the S-enantiomer. The S-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer modulates the effect of ketone bodies in the subject and controls the rate at which ketosis is achieved. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid is more rapidly absorbed and utilized by the body than salts or esters, enhances taste, and reduces the need to include citric acid or other edible acids. Beta-hydroxybutyrate salts are more slowly absorbed and utilized by the body and can provide one or more electrolytes. Compositions for controlling ketone body level in a subject may contain a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and optically pure S-beta-hydroxybuty rate or non-racemic mixture enriched with S-beta-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the compositions contain greater than 50% up to 100% by enantiomeric equivalents of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate and less than 50% down to 0% by enantiomeric equivalents of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate.

The present invention relates to crunchy edible formulations comprising fibre, protein and a restricted amount of carbohydrate and substantially devoid of fat and sugar. Methods of making said formulations and their use in food products are also provided.

The present invention relates to crunchy edible formulations comprising fibre, protein and a restricted amount of carbohydrate and substantially devoid of fat and sugar. Methods of making said formulations and their use in food products are also provided.

A fat composition comprises: from 10% to 30% by weight of diglycerides; and from 70% to 90% by weight of triglycerides, wherein the triglycerides comprise from 40% to 75% by weight of CN50 triglycerides and from 15% to 40% by weight of CN52 triglycerides; based on total triglycerides present in the composition; and wherein the fat composition has from 55 to 85 solid fat content at 10° C.; and from 35 to 70 solid fat content at 20° C.; and from 5 to 25 solid fat content at 30° C.; and from 0 to 10 solid fat content at 40° C.; measured on 20° C. stabilized fat according to ISO 8292-1.