A confectionery product for consumption before, during and/or after physical exercise is described. The confectionery product comprises a hard candy outer portion and a core of chewy candy encapsulated in the hard candy outer portion. The hard candy outer portion comprises a first nutritional supplement formulated for consumption before physical exercise. The core of chewy candy comprises a second nutritional supplement formulated for consumption during and/or after physical exercise. In use, the hard candy outer portion is consumed before the core so as to sequentially deliver the first and second nutritional supplements to the consumer. A method of sequentially delivering nutritional supplements respectively formulated to be consumed before, during and/or after physical exercise, and a method of preparing a confectionery product for consumption before, during and/or after physical exercise are also described.

A confectionery product for consumption before, during and/or after physical exercise is described. The confectionery product comprises a hard candy outer portion and a core of chewy candy encapsulated in the hard candy outer portion. The hard candy outer portion comprises a first nutritional supplement formulated for consumption before physical exercise. The core of chewy candy comprises a second nutritional supplement formulated for consumption during and/or after physical exercise. In use, the hard candy outer portion is consumed before the core so as to sequentially deliver the first and second nutritional supplements to the consumer. A method of sequentially delivering nutritional supplements respectively formulated to be consumed before, during and/or after physical exercise, and a method of preparing a confectionery product for consumption before, during and/or after physical exercise are also described.

A powder blend comprising (a) an immediate release powder comprising at least one performance enhancing component and (b) extended release granules comprising a core. The core of the extended release granules comprises at least one performance enhancing component and one or more fatty materials. The immediate release powder is soluble in an aqueous medium, while the extended release granules are formulated to exhibit neutral buoyancy in an aqueous medium.

A powder blend comprising (a) an immediate release powder comprising at least one performance enhancing component and (b) extended release granules comprising a core. The core of the extended release granules comprises at least one performance enhancing component and one or more fatty materials. The immediate release powder is soluble in an aqueous medium, while the extended release granules are formulated to exhibit neutral buoyancy in an aqueous medium.

The present invention relates in some aspects to compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical, nutritional compositions, etc.), formulations, and food or beverage products comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of (a) -alanine or a derivative of -alanine, and (b) at least one agent that inhibits the N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) pathway or a pathway which converges downstream with the NMDA pathway. The compositions, formulations, and food or beverage products are useful for enhancing physical performance, reducing -alanine-induced paraesthesia, and improving tolerance and compliance to higher doses of -alanine, thereby reducing the length of time it takes to achieve peak effect of -alanine, and increasing the magnitude of peak effect on physical performance in a human or animal.

The present invention relates in some aspects to compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical, nutritional compositions, etc.), formulations, and food or beverage products comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of (a) -alanine or a derivative of -alanine, and (b) at least one agent that inhibits the N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) pathway or a pathway which converges downstream with the NMDA pathway. The compositions, formulations, and food or beverage products are useful for enhancing physical performance, reducing -alanine-induced paraesthesia, and improving tolerance and compliance to higher doses of -alanine, thereby reducing the length of time it takes to achieve peak effect of -alanine, and increasing the magnitude of peak effect on physical performance in a human or animal.

An activity-enhancing supplement can include niacin and at least two ingredients selected from citrulline, agmatine, an endurance enhancer, a counteracting agent, a nitrogen-containing compound, a muscle building component, branched chain amino acid, and combinations thereof.

An activity-enhancing supplement can include niacin and at least two ingredients selected from citrulline, agmatine, an endurance enhancer, a counteracting agent, a nitrogen-containing compound, a muscle building component, branched chain amino acid, and combinations thereof.

Gender specific synthetic nutritional compositions for female or male infants up to 1 month of age wherein, the concentration of alanine, and/or histidine, and/or isoleucine, and/or proline, and/or valine is adapted based on that found in HM produced for an infant of the same gender and age, and nutritional systems comprising them.

Gender specific synthetic nutritional compositions for female or male infants up to 1 month of age wherein, the concentration of alanine, and/or histidine, and/or isoleucine, and/or proline, and/or valine is adapted based on that found in HM produced for an infant of the same gender and age, and nutritional systems comprising them.