A method and apparatus are disclosed for determining a bending radius of a flexible pipe. The apparatus includes at least one bend sensor element comprising an elongate flexible substrate and at least one bend sensitive element on the substrate that has at least one electrical characteristic that is responsive to angular displacement of the substrate. The apparatus also comprises a flexible crush resistant elongate housing that supports and surrounds the bend sensor element.

A spiral hose includes: a tube with a first wall thickness; a first reinforcement package, arranged around a circumference of the tube, having a first rubber layer embedding at least one set of a first and second layer of wire wound in a helical path around the tube, a winding direction of the first layer being opposite from a winding direction of the second layer, which first reinforcement package has a first package thickness; a second reinforcement package, arranged around a circumference of the first reinforcement package, having a second rubber layer embedding at least a second set of a third and fourth layer of wire wound in a helical path around the first reinforcement package, a winding direction of the third layer being opposite from a winding direction of the fourth layer, which second reinforcement package has a second package thickness; and a cover layer.

Disclosed are a structure of a composite flexible pipeline for crude oil and natural gas transportation, a laying method therefor, and a transportation method for crude oil or natural gas. The transportation method is a method for transporting crude oil or natural gas through a pipeline comprising a multilayer structure having at least one barrier resin layer. The barrier resin layer comprises an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin as a main component. A pipeline for the transportation method, and a laying method for the pipeline. Through a pipeline which does not have corrosion concern and has excellent acid resistance and acid gas barrier properties, a method for safely transporting crude oil or natural gas is provided without leak of hydrogen sulfide gas, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon gas to the external environment.

Techniques for implementing a system that includes pipe segment tubing and a pipe fitting to be secured to the pipe segment tubing. The pipe segment tubing includes a reinforcement strip implemented between an internal pressure sheath layer and an outer sheath of the pipe segment tubing. The pipe fitting includes an inner fitting body to be inserted between the internal pressure sheath layer and the reinforcement strip of the pipe segment tubing. Additionally, the pipe fitting includes an outer fitting body to be disposed circumferentially around the inner fitting body to define a potting cavity between an inner surface of the outer fitting body and an outer surface of the inner fitting body, in which a hole is formed through the reinforcement strip of the pipe segment tubing before the reinforcement strip is anchored in the potting cavity via cured potting material.

A flexible pipe includes: an inner liner formed as a tube and having an outer surface and an inner surface defining an inner diameter; a reinforcement layer bonded to the inner liner and including at least a first ply of reinforcing tape helically wrapped in a first helical direction about the inner liner and a second ply of reinforcing tape helically wrapped about the first ply of reinforcing tape, the second ply of reinforcing tape helically wrapped in a second helical direction opposite to the first helical direction; and an outer jacket applied over and bonded to the reinforcement layer, the outer jacket including a thermoplastic. A reinforcing tape for use in the pipe or other applications includes: a plurality of reinforcing fibers and a matrix about the plurality of reinforcing fibers to hold the reinforcing fibers in the form of a tape, the matrix including thermoplastic and an additive to increase the impact resistance of the thermoplastic.

A flexible tube used as a part of an insertion section which defines a central axis of an insertion apparatus to be inserted into a hole, the flexible tube includes: a helical tube comprising a closely-wound region including a concave-convex portion which is provided on each of a pair of edges of a strip-shaped member elongated along a longitudinal axis, and which alternately includes convex portions and concave portions on the concave-convex portion, wherein, in a state where the strip-shaped member is spirally wound, the convex portions of the concave-convex portions facing each other along the central axis are compressed to each other; and a cylindrical outer tube which covers an outer surface of the helical tube.

Flowlines for use in oil and gas applications are described. The flowlines include a barrier layer that includes polyarylene sulfide composition that exhibits high strength and flexibility characteristics. Methods for forming the flowlines are also described. Formation methods include dynamic vulcanization of a polyarylene sulfide composition that includes an impact modifier dispersed throughout the polyarylene sulfide. A crosslinking agent is combined with the other components of the composition following dispersal of the impact modifier throughout the composition. The flowlines can include production fluid flowlines, supporting fluid flowlines, bundled flowlines, etc. and can be utilized as risers, pipelines, jumpers, and the like.

In an embodiment, a flexible pipe is provided. The flexible pipe includes a polymeric inner sheath that includes a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) composition, the TPV composition comprising: a rubber and a thermoplastic olefin, wherein a concentration of the rubber is from 20 wt % to 90 wt % based on a combined weight of the rubber and the thermoplastic olefin, and a concentration of the thermoplastic olefin is from 10 wt % to 80 wt % based on the combined weight of the rubber and the thermoplastic olefin; and wherein the TPV composition has at least one of an air permeability of less than 30 barrers at 23° C. and a CO.sub.2 permeability of less than 40 barrers at 23° C. In another embodiment, a thermoplastic umbilical hose is provided. In another embodiment, a pipe structure is provided.

The present invention relates to an unbonded flexible pipe including a bore for transport of a fluid wherein the unbonded flexible pipe includes an internal pressure structure including a fluid-tight polymer sheath and a barrier layer on the inside of the fluid-tight polymer sheath and bonded thereto, wherein the internal pressure sheath further includes a permeable protection sheath inside the fluid-tight polymer sheath and, wherein the barrier layer is located between the fluid-tight polymer sheath and the permeable protection sheath.

A pipe is used for control and forced circulation of corrosion-inhibiting fluids in an annulus thereof, the annulus located between an inner pressure barrier and an outer cover of the pipe and containing a number of layers. The pipe includes two layers of tensile armor within the annulus; at least one injection pipe laid helicoidally on the longitudinal extension of the pipe; at least one return pipe laid helicoidally on the longitudinal extension of the pipe; and a ventilation layer within the annulus, the ventilation layer being configured to facilitate the flow of fluids longitudinally through the annulus of the pipe.