A system and method for cooling a liquid cryogenic fluid user with an inert and non-pressurized liquid cryogen in 120K to 200K temperature range is provided. This includes maintaining the first liquid cryogenic fluid within a first predetermined temperature range with the sub-cooler and/or the recirculation pump, maintaining the second liquid cryogenic fluid within a second predetermined temperature range with the heat exchanger, and recondensing the second liquid cryogenic fluid using the pressurized first liquid cryogenic fluid.

A method for producing a compressed gas tank for a motor vehicle includes inserting a bundle of heat-conducting elements through an opening in a housing of the compressed gas tank and exerting a force on the bundle that radially expands the bundle within the housing beyond the size of the opening. The heat-conducting elements may be helically wound about a central axis when inserted through the opening with a torsional force applied to unwind the elements while radially expanding and reducing axial length of the bundle. A compressed gas tank for a motor vehicle includes a plurality of heat-conducting elements including at least one tube within a tank housing that extend axially along the tank and radially within the housing to a size exceeding an opening of the housing. The tube is configured to circulate coolant to cool compressed gas within the tank.

An apparatus for mobile hydrogen refueling includes a heavy equipment vehicle having a size exceeding highway size constraints and a platform coupled to the vehicle. A hydrogen storage module and a compression module are removably coupleable to the platform. The storage module is configured to store a number of hydrogen tanks. The compression module is configured to compress a flow of hydrogen from a hydrogen tank in the storage module via a manifold to produce a flow of high-pressure hydrogen. A refueling interface is configured to engage a refueling interface of a hydrogen powerplant and to selectively convey a flow of high-pressure hydrogen from the compression module. In some implementations, the compression module can include a chiller configured to cool the high-pressure hydrogen provided to the refueling interface. In some implementations, a power module is configured to provide electric power to at least the compression module and/or the vehicle.

Simplified closed loop refrigeration system adapted for cryogenic temperatures comprising: a gaseous refrigerant circulating inside the closed loop refrigeration system, a compression section for compressing the refrigerant with at least two compressor stages, at least one of the compressor stages being one centrifugal compressor, at least a motor producing mechanical power to drive at least one of the compressor stages, at least an after cooler after each compression stage, a first heat exchanger for additionally cooling the compressed refrigerant, at least one expansion turbine for expanding the compressed refrigerant, a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the expanded refrigerant and an external fluid, a heating section where the expanded refrigerant is heated in counter-current flow inside the first heat-exchanger by the compressed refrigerant, wherein at least one centrifugal compressor being driven only by the expansion turbine and the centrifugal compressors and the expansion turbine use magnetic bearings.

Embodiments of systems and methods for transporting fuel and carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in a dual-fluid vessel thereby minimizing transportation between locations are disclosed. In an embodiment, the dual-fluid vessel has an outer shell with two or more inner compartments, positioned within the outer shell, including a first inner compartment for storing CO.sub.2 and a second inner compartment for storing fuel. The dual-fluid vessel may connect or attach to a transportation vehicle to thereby allow transportation of the fuel and CO.sub.2. Insulation may provide temperature regulation for the fuel and CO.sub.2 when positioned in the respective first and second inner compartments. One or more ports having an opening in and through the outer shell and a fluid pathway to one or more of the first inner compartment or the second inner compartment may provide fluid communication through the opening and fluid pathway for loading/offloading the fuel and/or CO.sub.2.

A control device of a gas charging device controls opening/closing of a control valve so that pressure increase rate of gas pressure in a tank when gas charging to the tank increases at a reference increase rate determined in advance. The control device, when gas charge to the tank begins, controls pressure increase rate at a high increase rate higher than the reference increase rate. After the difference between gas pressure in the tank when gas charging is performed at the high increase rate and gas pressure in the tank when the charging is performed at the reference increase rate has reached a predetermined pressure difference, the control device controls the opening/closing of the control valve so that gas charge to the tank is performed at the reference increase rate.

A method and system for forming a compressed gas and dispensing it to a compressed gas receiver. The compressed gas is formed from a process fluid provided at a cryogenic temperature. The forming includes pressurizing the process fluid, feeding the pressurized process fluid at still a cryogenic temperature to a heat exchanger and heating it in indirect heat exchange with a thermal fluid which is provided in a reservoir at a thermal fluid temperature above the cryogenic temperature of the pressurized process fluid. Once heated to a suitable temperature the compressed gas may be dispensed to the compressed gas receiver or stored in one or more compressed gas storage vessels for later use.

A transport refrigeration unit (TRU) system is provided for use with a refrigerated cargo system. The TRU system includes a fuel cell configured to generate power for the TRU so that the TRU can refrigerate an interior compartment of the refrigerated cargo system, a cryo-compressed fuel tank to store a supply of cryo-compressed hydrogen, a heat exchanger and a conduit system configured to transport the cryo-compressed hydrogen from the cryo-compressed fuel tank, through the heat exchanger for promoting refrigeration of the interior compartment, and to the fuel cell.

Embodiments of systems and methods for transporting fuel and carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in a dual-fluid vessel thereby minimizing transportation between locations are disclosed. In an embodiment, the dual-fluid vessel has an outer shell with two or more inner compartments, positioned within the outer shell, including a first inner compartment for storing CO.sub.2 and a second inner compartment for storing fuel. The dual-fluid vessel may connect or attach to a transportation vehicle to thereby allow transportation of the fuel and CO.sub.2. Insulation may provide temperature regulation for the fuel and CO.sub.2 when positioned in the respective first and second inner compartments. One or more ports having an opening in and through the outer shell and a fluid pathway to one or more of the first inner compartment or the second inner compartment may provide fluid communication through the opening and fluid pathway for loading/offloading the fuel and/or CO.sub.2.

The invention relates to a device for supplying a gaseous fuel to an engine that comprises a gas accumulator for receiving highly pressurized gaseous fuel, a gas buffer for receiving medium pressurized gaseous fuel, a gas supply device for delivering a gaseous fuel into an engine combustion space, a first gas line that connects the gas accumulator to the gas buffer and whose gas flow can be regulated via a first valve, a second gas line that connects the gas accumulator to the gas buffer and whose gas flow can be regulated via a second valve, and a third gas line that connects the gas buffer to the gas supply device. The device is further characterized in that a compressor is arranged in the second gas line to increase a pressure of a gaseous fuel flowing from the gas accumulator to the gas buffer.