Ketogenic compositions including a plurality of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) salts and beta-hydroxybutyric acid are formulated to induce or sustain ketosis in a subject to which the ketogenic compositions are administered. The BHB composition is formulated to provide a biologically balanced set of cationic electrolytes, and is formulated to avoid detrimental health effects associated with imbalanced electrolyte ratios. A ketogenic composition includes beta-hydroxybutyric acid and a plurality of BHB salts selected from sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The BHB composition may include transition metal cations (e.g., zinc or iron), one or more BHB-amino acid salts, a short-, medium-, or long chain fatty acid source, vitamin D3, flavorant, or other excipient.

Ketogenic compositions including a plurality of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) salts and beta-hydroxybutyric acid are formulated to induce or sustain ketosis in a subject to which the ketogenic compositions are administered. The BHB composition is formulated to provide a biologically balanced set of cationic electrolytes, and is formulated to avoid detrimental health effects associated with imbalanced electrolyte ratios. A ketogenic composition includes beta-hydroxybutyric acid and a plurality of BHB salts selected from sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The BHB composition may include transition metal cations (e.g., zinc or iron), one or more BHB-amino acid salts, a short-, medium-, or long chain fatty acid source, vitamin D3, flavorant, or other excipient.

Provided is a composition for preventing and treating muscle diseases, improving muscle functions, or enhancing motor performance that comprises hydrangenol or a hydrangenol-containing extract of Hydrangea as an active ingredient. The hydrangenol or Hydrangea extract containing hydrangenol is derived from natural materials and thus can be used safely without any adverse effect, and the composition comprising the hydrangenol or Hydrangea extract can be used beneficially as a medical, food, quasi-drug, or cosmetic composition having a good effect of preventing and treating muscle diseases, improving muscle functions, and enhancing motor performance.

Provided is a composition for preventing and treating muscle diseases, improving muscle functions, or enhancing motor performance that comprises hydrangenol or a hydrangenol-containing extract of Hydrangea as an active ingredient. The hydrangenol or Hydrangea extract containing hydrangenol is derived from natural materials and thus can be used safely without any adverse effect, and the composition comprising the hydrangenol or Hydrangea extract can be used beneficially as a medical, food, quasi-drug, or cosmetic composition having a good effect of preventing and treating muscle diseases, improving muscle functions, and enhancing motor performance.

A nutritional composition comprises (a) one to a plurality of physiologically acceptable calcium salts and/or chelates and (b) one or more phosphorus-containing components, such as phosphate salts, and/or phosphorus-rescuing components, such as phytase. The composition is useful for phosphorus-sparing calcium supplementation of the diet of a human subject, and for treatment of a low bone density condition in a human subject in need thereof.

A nutritional composition comprises (a) one to a plurality of physiologically acceptable calcium salts and/or chelates and (b) one or more phosphorus-containing components, such as phosphate salts, and/or phosphorus-rescuing components, such as phytase. The composition is useful for phosphorus-sparing calcium supplementation of the diet of a human subject, and for treatment of a low bone density condition in a human subject in need thereof.

A method and formulation for fluids, such as drinking water, containing plant phytochemicals are disclosed. Some plants can survive in water without a root system, and the formulation includes fluid, such as water, with one or more of the plants maintained in the fluid. Cold storage resulted in enhanced production and excretion of phytochemicals from the plants into the fluid, including bacosides and bacopasides. These phytochemicals have been shown to exhibit antioxidant properties, promote memory and provide additional health benefits, as well as replace bottled water or other fluids as a means to ensure proper hydration. The fluids are useful for enhancing alertness.

A method and formulation for fluids, such as drinking water, containing plant phytochemicals are disclosed. Some plants can survive in water without a root system, and the formulation includes fluid, such as water, with one or more of the plants maintained in the fluid. Cold storage resulted in enhanced production and excretion of phytochemicals from the plants into the fluid, including bacosides and bacopasides. These phytochemicals have been shown to exhibit antioxidant properties, promote memory and provide additional health benefits, as well as replace bottled water or other fluids as a means to ensure proper hydration. The fluids are useful for enhancing alertness.

The present specification discloses a composition for external application to skin, containing a tea plant root extract as an active ingredient, for treatment of skin damage caused by fine dust, whereby the expression level of one or more selected from a group consisting of IL-36G (NM_019618), S100A7 (NM_002963), S100A8 (NM_002964) and XDH (NM_000379), which are genes in skin cells the expression level of which is affected by fine dust, is regulated to a normal level.

The present specification discloses a composition for external application to skin, containing a tea plant root extract as an active ingredient, for treatment of skin damage caused by fine dust, whereby the expression level of one or more selected from a group consisting of IL-36G (NM_019618), S100A7 (NM_002963), S100A8 (NM_002964) and XDH (NM_000379), which are genes in skin cells the expression level of which is affected by fine dust, is regulated to a normal level.