A household appliance includes a channel section which can be heated from outside and can be configured for passage of a fluid, and a plurality of electrically interconnected heating conductor elements for heating purposes, with at least some of the heating conductor elements being electrically connected together in parallel and including a component arranged in a flow direction of the fluid.

An inline water heating device for reducing heating costs and wasted water includes a pipe and a heating element. The pipe has opposed ends that are singly couplable to a water inlet and a water outlet so that water flows through an interior space that is defined by the pipe. The heating element is disposed longitudinally within the interior space and is electrically insulated from both the pipe and the water that flows through the interior space. The heating element is powered to heat the water that flows through the pipe.

An electric heater including a metal body, in which a first pipe and a second pipe are provided in the metal body. The first pipe and second pipe are mutually distinct so as to be crossed by two distinct flows of fluid to be heated. A first heating stretch, a second heating stretch and a third heating stretch are arranged in the metal body. The first pipe and the second pipe are arranged between the first heating stretch and the second heating stretch. The third heating stretch is proximal to the second pipe and distal from the first pipe. The second pipe is arranged between the first pipe and the third heating stretch.

An electric heating device for heating fluids, comprising a housing, inlet and outlet connection pieces arranged at inlet and outlet openings of the housing, respectively, a flow path in the housing through which the fluid to be heated flows leading from the inlet connection piece to the outlet connection piece, and an electric heating unit attached to the housing. The flow path comprises inlet and outlet chambers and at least two flow channels running side by side from the inlet to the outlet chambers. A separating wall separates two flow channels from one another. Each flow channel has an inlet section connected to the inlet chamber and defining an inlet flow direction and an outlet section connected to the outlet chamber and defining an outlet flow direction. The inlet connection piece is oriented in the inlet flow direction and/or the outlet connection piece is oriented in the outlet flow direction.

A heat generating assembly (13), aiming to solve the problem of low heating efficiency in the related art such as a coffee machine. The heat generating assembly (13) includes a water inlet (133), a water outlet (134), and a heat generating body (135) provided between the water inlet (133) and the water outlet (134). The heat generating body (135) includes a heating film (132), a bottom cover (131) for the heating film, the heating film (132) is capable of generating heat upon energization to heat liquid flowing through the heat generating body (135). The heat generating assembly (13) uses film-type heating technology, the heating efficiency is high and accurate control of temperature can be realized.

A system and method. The system may include a beverage machine including a pump, heater, a sensor, and a processor. The pump may be configured to pump fluid including gas or liquid. The heater may be configured to heat the fluid. The sensor may be implemented downstream of the pump and the heater. The sensor may be configured to sense a pressure, a flow rate, a steam quality, or a temperature of the heated fluid and to output sensor data including information of the pressure, the flow rate, the steam quality, or the temperature of the heated fluid. The processor may be communicatively coupled to the heater, the pump, and the sensor. The processor may be configured to: receive the sensor data; control operation of the pump or the heater; and based on the sensor data, adjust an operational parameter of the pump or the heater.

To generate a checkpoint for a virtual machine (VM), first, while the VM is still running, a copy-on-write (COW) disk file is created pointing to a parent disk file that the VM is using. Next, the VM is stopped, the VM's memory is marked COW, the device state of the VM is saved to memory, the VM is switched to use the COW disk file, and the VM begins running again for substantially the remainder of the checkpoint generation. Next, the device state that was stored in memory and the unmodified VM memory pages are saved to a checkpoint file. Also, a copy may be made of the parent disk file for retention as part of the checkpoint, or the original parent disk file may be retained as part of the checkpoint. If a copy of the parent disk file was made, then the COW disk file may be committed to the original parent disk file.

The present invention is a fluid heater that can easily be reduced in size, that can be manufactured inexpensively, and that provides a stable heating performance. This fluid heater heats a fluid using a heater, and is provided with a heating block in which an internal flow path having an intake port through which the fluid is introduced, and a discharge port through which the fluid is discharged is formed, and in which a heater insertion portion that extends in a predetermined axial direction is formed, wherein the internal flow path has a plurality of main flow path portions that extend in the predetermined axial direction, and one or a plurality of connecting path flow portions that connect the plurality of main flow path portions together.

A fluid-heating device for heating fluid includes: a heater having a heat generating part, the heat generating part being configured to generate heat upon application of current; an electric component configured to control the application of the current to the heater; a tank having an opening portion, the tank being configured to accommodate the heat generating part; a top-plate portion configured to close the opening portion of the tank, the top-plate portion being configured to form a fluid chamber through which the fluid flows; and a first communication port and a second communication port configured to allow the fluid to flow through the fluid chamber; wherein the electric component is provided on an outer side of the fluid chamber along the top-plate portion.

A low leakage current fluid heater and systems and methods thereof. The fluid heater has a configuration whereby a heating element is isolated from a fluid channel so as to leak into fluid passing through the channel an allowed amount of leakage current. Fluid passing through the fluid heater can be heated to a desired temperature. A controller can provide control signals to driver the fluid heater to the desired temperature and maintain the temperature at the desired temperature.