The present invention relates to compositions comprising a water soluble tomato extract (WSTE) which may be used in maintaining cardiovascular health, lessening the risk of developing cardiovascular health problems, or reducing the likelihood of worsening an existing cardiovascular health problem in a subject exposed, or is at risk of exposure, to particulate air pollution.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising a water soluble tomato extract (WSTE) which may be used in maintaining cardiovascular health, lessening the risk of developing cardiovascular health problems, or reducing the likelihood of worsening an existing cardiovascular health problem in a subject exposed, or is at risk of exposure, to particulate air pollution.

Provided are food compositions configured to promote neurodevelopment in developing subjects. Food compositions of the present disclosure may make available to a subject those nutrients that are required by or otherwise positively influence developing brain regions, and the neurons thereof, during specific windows of neurodevelopment. Also provided are kits and systems that relate to the subject food compositions as well as methods, such as methods of formulating the described food compositions.

Provided are food compositions configured to promote neurodevelopment in developing subjects. Food compositions of the present disclosure may make available to a subject those nutrients that are required by or otherwise positively influence developing brain regions, and the neurons thereof, during specific windows of neurodevelopment. Also provided are kits and systems that relate to the subject food compositions as well as methods, such as methods of formulating the described food compositions.

A method of forming a heat-treated liquid nutritional composition having a neutral pH and comprising a water-insoluble plant flavonoid comprises providing an aqueous liquid nutritional composition having a pH of from about 6 to about 7.5 and comprising protein, fat, carbohydrate, and water-insoluble plant flavonoid, homogenizing the liquid nutritional composition at a pressure of at least about 2000 psi, and heat treating the liquid nutritional composition. A heat-treated liquid nutritional composition having a pH of from about 6 to about 7.5 comprises a water-insoluble plant flavonoid, protein, fat and carbohydrate. At least about 75 wt % of the water-insoluble plant flavonoid remains suspended throughout the liquid nutritional composition after two months of storage at room temperature.

A method of forming a heat-treated liquid nutritional composition having a neutral pH and comprising a water-insoluble plant flavonoid comprises providing an aqueous liquid nutritional composition having a pH of from about 6 to about 7.5 and comprising protein, fat, carbohydrate, and water-insoluble plant flavonoid, homogenizing the liquid nutritional composition at a pressure of at least about 2000 psi, and heat treating the liquid nutritional composition. A heat-treated liquid nutritional composition having a pH of from about 6 to about 7.5 comprises a water-insoluble plant flavonoid, protein, fat and carbohydrate. At least about 75 wt % of the water-insoluble plant flavonoid remains suspended throughout the liquid nutritional composition after two months of storage at room temperature.

A method for treating sleep disturbance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes administering to a subject in need thereof a composition including saponarin of Chemical Formula 1, a salt thereof acceptable for use in food, or a hydrate thereof as an effective component: In an animal model with lack of sleep caused by caffeine, saponarin of the present invention restores the travel distance, mobility time, mobility frequency, and immobility time to normal as well as increases the mRNA expression of neuropeptide Y, cholecystokinin, and GABA A 1 receptor, thereby alleviating sleep disturbance. Therefore, the saponarin of the present invention can be advantageously used as a raw material for a functional health food or a pharmaceutical product for preventing, alleviating, or treating sleep disturbance.

A method for treating sleep disturbance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes administering to a subject in need thereof a composition including saponarin of Chemical Formula 1, a salt thereof acceptable for use in food, or a hydrate thereof as an effective component: In an animal model with lack of sleep caused by caffeine, saponarin of the present invention restores the travel distance, mobility time, mobility frequency, and immobility time to normal as well as increases the mRNA expression of neuropeptide Y, cholecystokinin, and GABA A 1 receptor, thereby alleviating sleep disturbance. Therefore, the saponarin of the present invention can be advantageously used as a raw material for a functional health food or a pharmaceutical product for preventing, alleviating, or treating sleep disturbance.

Various embodiments of the invention relate to compositions comprising vitamins, minerals and trace elements, antioxidants, amino acids, probiotics, and other components and methods for using such compositions to treat or prevent diseases associated with oxidative stress, including cardiovascular disease.

Various embodiments of the invention relate to compositions comprising vitamins, minerals and trace elements, antioxidants, amino acids, probiotics, and other components and methods for using such compositions to treat or prevent diseases associated with oxidative stress, including cardiovascular disease.