A control device for an internal combustion engine includes an internal combustion engine and a valve opening-closing timing control device. The valve opening-closing timing control device has a phase adjustment mechanism for setting a relative rotation phase of a driving-side rotator and a driven-side rotator. The phase adjustment mechanism overlaps a timing of opening an intake valve with a timing of opening an exhaust valve, by setting, in a predetermined period, the relative rotation phase such that the exhaust valve closes after a top dead center position has been reached, and a bypass passage is provided that connects an exhaust passage of one cylinder that is in an exhaust process to the exhaust passage of another cylinder that is in an intake process at the same time as the exhaust process.

An internal combustion engine system includes an engine with a plurality of pistons housed in respective ones of a plurality of cylinders, an air intake system to provide air to the plurality of cylinders through respective ones of a plurality of intake valves, an exhaust system to release exhaust gas from the plurality of cylinders through respective one of a plurality of exhaust valves. The internal combustion engine uses vacuum braking and/or compression release braking in response to one or more braking conditions.

A cam plate is coupled to a driven-side shaft and is rotatable relative to a housing. A gear is placed on a side of the cam plate, which is opposite to the driven-side shaft. The housing has a contact surface that is configured to contact a wall surface of the cam plate, which is located on one side in an axial direction of the housing. Among two external toothed portions, one external toothed portion is located on an opposite side of the contact surface, which is opposite to the gear in the axial direction. The cam plate has a bearing portion that is located on a side of the contact surface, which is opposite to the gear, and the bearing portion has an outer peripheral surface configured to receive a radial load applied from an inner peripheral surface of the housing in a radially inward direction.

An engine oil passage structure for an engine contributing to downsizing the engine and achieving protection of an oil passage against external forces is provided. Provided is an oil passage structure for an engine installed in a small vehicle, the engine including an engine body formed of a crankcase and a cylinder block and a cylinder head stacked inclined vehicle frontward on the crankcase, the crankcase, the cylinder block, and the cylinder head being integrally fastened. The oil passage structure includes, near a bent part formed by a case front wall of the crankcase and a cylinder front wall of the cylinder block forming a valley part by an obtuse angle, a right-left direction oil passage extending in a right-left direction along the valley part.

A control method can be used for securing continuously variable valve duration (CVVD) startability when a CVVD error is recognized by a CVVD controller during an operation of a CVVD system. The control method includes performing engine startability securing control for solving the CVVD error by applying a starting air volume to starting of an engine through at least one of a valve position fixing value, a valve position threshold, or an immediately previous valve position value.

A variable valve apparatus includes: a swing body mounted to rotate to open and close a valve; an inner body driven by a cam and mounted in the swing body so as to switch a relatively-rotatable state and a latched state with respect to the swing body; a latching pin slidably mounted in the swing body so as to switch the latched state and the relatively-rotatable state of the inner body with respect to the swing body; and a control mechanism pressing the latching pin to make the inner body be latched to the swing body.

A rocker arm includes an outer arm having a first side and a second side, an inner arm positioned between the first side and the second side of the outer arm, a pivot axle pivotally coupling the inner arm and the outer arm at a first end of each of the inner arm and the outer arm, and a latch having a first position and a second position. The latch in the first position pivotally fixes the inner arm and the outer arm at a second end of each of the inner arm and the outer arm, and in the second position allows the inner arm and the outer arm to pivot independently. The latch is responsive to hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic fluid passage to selectively move to other of the first position and the second position. A lost motion spring is coupled to the inner arm.

A rocker arm includes an outer arm having a first side and a second side, an inner arm positioned between the first side and the second side of the outer arm, a pivot axle pivotally coupling the inner arm and the outer arm at a first end of each of the inner arm and the outer arm, and a latch having a first position and a second position. The latch in the first position pivotally fixes the inner arm and the outer arm at a second end of each of the inner arm and the outer arm, and in the second position allows the inner arm and the outer arm to pivot independently. The latch is responsive to hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic fluid passage to selectively move to other of the first position and the second position. A lost motion spring is coupled to the inner arm.

A force transfer arrangement for transferring a force from a rotating camshaft to an output device, that is able to reduce the transversal force on the camshaft. The proposed connection device force transfer arrangement is configured to cause forces to act on the camshaft from substantially opposite directions which effectively produces a resultant force on the camshaft to be close to zero, or at least be reduced compared to prior art force transfer solutions. Thus, the transverse forces on the camshaft and therefore on e.g. bearings supporting the camshaft are reduced thereby the lifetime of the bearings is prolonged.

A dual body rocker arm for a valve train assembly of an internal combustion engine includes: an outer body having a protrusion; an inner body connected to the outer body and arranged for pivotal movement relative to the outer body about an axis between a first position and a second position; and a torsional biasing element supported by the protrusion and arranged to bias the inner body relative to the outer body towards one of the first position and the second position. The protrusion is formed integrally with the outer body.