A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, includes circuitry. The circuitry is configured to control a ratio of an amount of low octane number fuel to be supplied to a cylinder to a total amount of the low octane number fuel and a high octane number fuel to be supplied to the cylinder in order to control an overall octane number of fuel to be supplied to the cylinder. The high octane number fuel has a second octane number higher than a first octane number of the low octane number fuel. The circuitry is configured to calculate a maximum octane number of the fuel to be supplied into the cylinder. The circuitry is configured to restrict a power generated by the internal combustion engine based on the maximum octane number.

Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.

A control device of the present invention is applied to an engine provided with a fuel injection valve which directly injects fuel into a combustion chamber. The control device includes a pre-ignition prediction unit which predicts occurrence of pre-ignition when the engine is started; and an injection control unit which causes fuel to be injected in an expansion stroke from the fuel injection valve when occurrence of pre-ignition is predicted by the pre-ignition prediction unit. Thus, it is possible to prevent pre-ignition without lowering the effective compression ratio.

A fuel injector feeds fuel to a combustion chamber of a cylinder of a dual-fuel engine and includes: a main body having a needle guide; a nozzle needle guidable in the needle guide; a needle fuel chamber defined by the main body, coupleable to the combustion chamber, wherein the orifices are open in a first position of the nozzle needle and closed in a second position of the nozzle needle; a first line arranged in the main body, and being coupled to the needle fuel chamber, via the first line a fuel being introduceable into the needle fuel chamber. In the main body a second line is coupleable to the needle guide and to a control chamber of a control valve of the fuel injector, wherein via the second line a fuel is feedable to the needle guide as barrier fluid and to the control chamber as working fluid.

A dual-fuel internal combustion engine includes: cylinders for combusting a first liquid fuel having a first ignitability in a first operating mode, and a second liquid fuel having a second lesser ignitability, in a second operating mode; a main injection system including a main injector for each cylinder, for feeding the first liquid fuel to the respective cylinders in the first operating mode and for feeding the second liquid fuel to the respective cylinders in the second operating mode; and a pilot injection system including a pilot injector for each cylinder, via which the first liquid fuel can is feedable to the respective cylinders in the second operating mode for igniting the second liquid fuel. The main and pilot injection systems are coupled such that in the second operating mode the first liquid fuel, is feedable to the respective main injector as a working fluid and/or a barrier fluid.

In a fuel pressure control device for an internal combustion engine of the invention, a first map (FIG. 4A) for defining a first target fuel pressure for normal time and a second map (FIG. 5A) for defining a second target fuel pressure for suppressing noise and vibration smaller than the first target fuel pressure are stored. When an acquired fuel temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature, the first target fuel pressure defined in the first map is set as a target fuel pressure (steps 1 to 3), and when the fuel temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, the second target fuel pressure defined in the second map is set as the target fuel pressure (steps 1, 5, and 6). The fuel pressure is controlled based on the set target fuel pressure (step 7).

Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.

Spark ignition engine operation at higher RPM so as to reduce alcohol requirements in high efficiency alcohol enhanced gasoline engines is disclosed. Control of engine upspeeding (use of a higher ratio of engine RPM to wheel RPM) so as to achieve an alcohol reduction objective while limiting any decrease in efficiency is described. High RPM alcohol enhanced gasoline engine operation in plug-in series hybrid powertrains for heavy duty trucks and other vehicles is also described.

The present disclosure belongs to the field of dual-fuel engine combustion systems, in particular to a dual-fuel intelligent combustion system and a control method thereof. The dual-fuel intelligent combustion system comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder cover, a piston, a methanol fuel injector, a diesel injector and ECUs (electronic control units), wherein the cylinder body, the cylinder cover and the piston form a combustion chamber, the cylinder cover is arranged right above the cylinder body, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, the combustion chamber is provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel, the combustion chamber is internally provided with the methanol fuel injector for injecting alcohol fuel into a cylinder and the diesel injector for injecting ignition fuel diesel into the cylinder, and the methanol fuel injector and the diesel injector are respectively controlled by the two ECUs.

Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.