A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas sensor that has a sensor element and a heater for electrically heating the sensor element, a sensor circuit that detects the electric current generated by the exhaust gas sensor, a controller configured to: carry out starting processing to start the internal combustion engine, learn a value of the output of the sensor circuit when the starting processing is carried out by the controller, and control a temperature of the sensor element by using the heater, and controls the temperature of the sensor element to less than the predetermined temperature until the learning of the output value of the sensor circuit by the controller is completed after the starting processing is carried out by the controller.

A method of continuously variable valve duration (CVVD) location learning may include when a controller determines necessity of position learning for short duration and long duration of a CVVD system, performing conditional application re-learning control in which the position learning is performed in a situation in which validity determination of system environment condition for CVVD hardware and validity determination of vehicle environment condition for engine operation information of an engine are satisfied.

An engine controller, an engine control method, and a memory medium are provided. A second calculation process calculates an intake air amount without using a detected value of the intake air flow rate. A guard process sets a difference amount learning value as a learning reflected value when the difference amount learning value is less than or equal to an upper limit guard value and greater than or equal to a lower limit guard value. A calculation method switching process sets a sum of a second intake air amount and the learning reflected value as a calculated value of the intake air amount when it is determined that an intake air pulsation is great.

A CPU calculates probability models by inputting input variables to a neural network. Next, the CPU determines whether a maximum value among the calculated probability models is larger than an upper limit value of a permissible range. When the maximum value is larger than the upper limit value of the permissible range, the CPU calculates a difference between the maximum value and a first reference value within the permissible range, and subtracts the difference from all the probability models. Then, the CPU calculates a probability of misfire in each cylinder by inputting each of the calculated probability models to a softmax function of mapping.

A controller includes a memory device and an execution device that executes first and second operation processes, a switching process, and a recording process. The first operation process operates an operated unit by an operated amount, which is calculated on the basis of a state variable, using an adapted data set. The second operation process operates the operated unit by an operated amount that is defined by a relationship defining data set and the state variable. The switching process switches a process that operates the operated unit between the first operation process and the second operation process. The recording process obtains a value of the state variable used in calculation of the operated amount using the first operation process during an operation of the operated unit using the second operation process. The recording process also records time-series data of the obtained value of the state variable in the memory device.

According to one embodiment, a machine control system includes: a selecting unit which acquires a state quantity of a machine converted from data acquired by a sensor provided in the machine to select two or more learning models according to the acquired state quantity; a composing unit which inputs the state quantity acquired by the selecting unit to each of the two or more learning models selected by the selecting unit to calculate a composed value using a command value output from each of the learning models; and a learning unit which outputs a command value with respect to the machine in a range based on the composed value calculated by the composing unit, acquires a state quantity of the machine, searches for a command value of a specific condition from a combination of the output command value and the acquired state quantity, and outputs the searched command value to the machine, thereby creating a new learning model.

A state detection system for an internal combustion engine includes: a memory configured to store mapping data, the mapping data being data that defines a detection mapping, the detection mapping being a mapping between an input and an output, the input being a first waveform variable and a second waveform variable and the output being a value of a combustion state variable, and the detection mapping including a joint operation of the first waveform variable and the second waveform variable based on a parameter learned by machine learning; and a processor configured to execute an acquisition process and a determination process. The acquisition process acquires a value of the first waveform variable. The determination process determines whether or not the internal combustion engine is in a predetermined operating state.

In an evaporated fuel treatment apparatus including a bypass passage branching from an atmosphere passage and connected to a canister by detouring around at least one ii and a bypass valve to open and close the bypass passage, a controller holds the bypass valve in a closed state until an integrated purge flow rate reaches a predetermined value after start of purge control, the integrated purge flow rate being an integrated value of flow rate of purge gas flowing through a purge passage. When the integrated purge flow rate reaches the predetermined value, the controller turns the bypass valve to an open state.

An ignition control system and method for an engine having a two-step variable valve lift (VVL) system utilizes an ignition control system comprising a plurality of spark plugs each configured to generate one or more ignition strikes during a combustion event in a respective cylinder of the engine and a controller configured to detect a low-to-high or high-to-low lift mode transition of the VVL system and, in response to detecting the low-to-high or high-to-low lift mode transition of the VVL system, command the ignition control system to perform multi-strike ignition for at least one combustion event, wherein commanding the multi-strike ignition mitigates or eliminates at least one of engine torque variations and increased engine emissions resulting from poor combustion quality caused by residual exhaust components within the cylinder from a previous combustion event prior to the low-to-high or high-to-low lift mode transition of the VVL system.

A method and a device for controlling knocking in an internal combustion engine. A knock signal of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine is measured by a knock sensor and from that, a knock feature is generated. The knock feature is compared to a reference level in order to classify a combustion as a knocking or non-knocking combustion. The reference level is formed in consideration of a plurality of corrected knock features, the corrected knock features being formed from the knock features by determining map values from a program map as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine and linking them additively, or by carrying out a low-pass filtering, or by determining map values from a program map as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine and linking them additively and carrying out a low-pass filtering.